基于实证数据的框架结构地震损失评估

发布时间：2018-10-24 16:11

【摘要】：基于性能的抗震设计方法能够有效地降低地震造成的社会经济损失,是未来地震工程发展的主要方向之一。在设计过程中,需要通过建筑性能和损失评估来得到可能的地震损失,进而将设计方案和性能及损失联系起来。本文基于FEMA P-58中建筑性能和损失评估方法,以符合我国设计规范的RC框架结构为评估对象,完成了以下研究内容:1.总结了影响框架节点抗震性能的设计参数,详细对比了中美规范中框架节点的设计要点。按照建立易损性函数流程,确定了节点性能等级划分和试验数据筛选标准,选取了15篇研究文献,得到48个节点的有效数据。采用参数估计方法对节点易损性概率模型进行标定,并对拟合优度进行了检验,采用对数正态分布建立了框架节点的试验易损性模型。2.采用与框架节点类似的思路完成了填充墙的易损性研究,确定了填充墙实验数据筛选标准,选取了15篇文献,共得到30片墙体有效数据,基于对数正态分布建立了填充墙的试验易损性模型。3.选取在鲁甸地震中一栋严重破坏的新建三层框架结构为研究对象,建立了考虑填充墙的PERFORM-3D有限元模型,通过弹塑性时程分析展示结构地震响应全过程,对比了模拟结果与实际震害,证明了该模型在模拟宏观震害上的适用性。对比有无填充墙的结构模型在抗震性能上的差异,发现考虑填充墙后,结构的残余有变形明显的增大。选取3条远场地震动、3条近场脉冲地震动、3条近场非脉冲地震动以及鲁甸龙头山地震动记录作为输入,通过IDA分析得到了不同强度地震作用下的结构需求参数,并分析了其概率模型。4.基于FEMA P-58性能和损失评估原理,建立了目标结构的性能模型(包括结构造价,构件造价和数量等信息),编写了结构经济损失计算程序,采用基于强度和基于时间的方法完成了对该结构地震经济损失的评估。
[Abstract]:The performance-based seismic design method can effectively reduce the socio-economic losses caused by earthquakes and is one of the main directions of seismic engineering development in the future. In the process of design, it is necessary to obtain the possible earthquake loss by evaluating the building performance and loss, and then to link the design scheme with the performance and loss. Based on the building performance and loss assessment method in FEMA P-58, this paper takes the RC frame structure which conforms to the design code of our country as the evaluation object, and completes the following research contents: 1. The design parameters affecting seismic behavior of frame joints are summarized and the design points of frame joints in Chinese and American codes are compared in detail. According to the flow chart of establishing vulnerability function, the performance grade classification and test data screening criteria are determined, and the effective data of 48 nodes are obtained by selecting 15 research papers. The probabilistic model of node vulnerability is calibrated by parameter estimation method, and the goodness of fit is tested. The test vulnerability model of frame joints is established by using logarithmic normal distribution. 2. The vulnerability of the infilled wall is studied by using the idea similar to that of the frame joint, and the screening criteria for the experimental data of the infilled wall are determined, 15 articles are selected, and 30 effective data of the wall are obtained. Based on the logarithmic normal distribution, the test vulnerability model of infilled walls is established. 3. In this paper, a new three-story frame structure with serious damage in the Ludian earthquake is selected as the research object, and the PERFORM-3D finite element model considering the infilled wall is established. The whole process of seismic response of the structure is demonstrated by elastic-plastic time-history analysis. The simulation results are compared with the actual earthquake damage, and the applicability of the model in the simulation of macroscopic earthquake damage is proved. Compared with the difference of seismic performance of the structure model with or without infilled wall, it is found that the residual deformation of the structure increases obviously after considering the infilled wall. Three far-field ground motions, three near-field pulsed ground motions, three near-field non-pulsed ground motions and Ludian Longtou Mountain ground motion records were selected as inputs. The structural requirements parameters under different intensity earthquakes were obtained by IDA analysis. The probabilistic model is analyzed. 4. 4. Based on the principle of FEMA P-58 performance and loss assessment, the performance model of the target structure (including the information of structure cost, component cost and quantity) is established, and the calculation program of structural economic loss is compiled. The seismic economic loss of the structure is evaluated by the method based on strength and time.
【学位授予单位】：中国地震局工程力学研究所
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TU352.11

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