兰西地区城市规模分布及空间形态研究

发布时间：2018-11-03 21:14

【摘要】：国家“十三五”规划提出,要加快城市群建设,优化城镇布局和形态,增强中心城市辐射作用。兰西地区是我国西北区域城镇密集区之一,基于优越的区位条件和资源优势,城市化水平不断提高,区域内规模、形态各异的城镇发展速度较快。城市规模分布状况及空间形态演化模式合理与否,对于区域性内城市协同发展具有重要意义。兰西地区由于特殊的自然地理环境与多民族聚居形态,城市规模分布及空间形态不同于我国中东部地区城市。本文以兰西地区为研究对象,首先,通过区域性城市发展历程及现状空间分布格局梳理,对兰西地区城市间发展脉络全局性认识。然后运用类型学的方法对城市空间形态分析,从中得出河谷型带状城市空间形态在兰西地区最为典型,并以兰州、西宁两大核心城市为例对河谷型城市空间形态特征分析。其次,探讨兰西地区自然环境条件与多民族聚居形态的交互作用。地形海拔高度与河流系统对人类聚居、城市分布格局、空间形态演化均具至关重要;兰西地区少数民族基本沿河湟流域呈现“大分散、小聚居”带状分布,城市空间形态受宗教文化影响突出,表现为“围寺而居”、“围寺而商”的特殊形式。通过分析得出自然地理环境对兰西地区城市人口规模分布和空间形态演化具有明显的导向作用。定量分析部分,运用首位度指数、zipf定律、分形维数对兰西地区城市人口规模分布现状特征及演化过程分析。城市人口规模现状规模等级结构连续,大中规模城市分布相对分散,小城市数量较多,兰州市首位特征明显,但是对区域城镇体系发展的带动作用有所欠缺。从2004-2014年兰西地区城市人口规模分布演变过程来看,城市间人口规模序列一直存在差异,但是逐渐优化,其中首位城市兰州市人口规模渐渐缩小差距,中小城市地位不断增强。通过分形维数中的关联维数对兰西地区城市分布格局量化分析,结果与定性分析中兰西地区城市沿河湟谷地分布相吻合。接下来运用城市扩展强度指数、城市建设用地扩展速度、分维数、紧凑度指数及城市扩展弹性系数等对典型城市空间形态探讨研究,发现西宁市近30年城市空间扩展特征符合河谷型城市空间形态演化特征,现阶段城市空间扩展出现浪费现象。最后,宏观层面对兰西地区城市规模合理分布提出建议,微观层面对典型河谷型城市空间形态演化提出优化策略。
[Abstract]:According to the 13th Five-Year Plan, it is necessary to speed up the construction of urban agglomeration, optimize the layout and form of cities and towns, and enhance the radiation function of central cities. Lanxi region is one of the cities and towns concentrated in northwest China. Based on the superior location conditions and resource advantages, the urbanization level is constantly improving, and the cities and towns of different shapes and shapes develop rapidly in the region. It is of great significance for the coordinated development of cities in the region whether the distribution of urban scale and the evolution mode of spatial form are reasonable or not. Because of the special natural geographical environment and multi-national settlement, the urban scale distribution and spatial form in Lanxi are different from those in the central and eastern part of China. This paper takes Lanxi area as the research object, firstly, combs through the regional city development history and the present situation spatial distribution pattern, to the Lanxi area inter-city development vein overall understanding. Then the urban spatial form is analyzed by typology, from which it is concluded that the valley zonal urban spatial form is the most typical in the Lanxi area, and taking Lanzhou and Xining as examples, the spatial form characteristics of the valley city are analyzed. Secondly, the interaction between natural environment conditions and multi-national settlement in Lanxi area is discussed. Topographic altitude and river system are very important to human settlement, urban distribution pattern and spatial evolution. The minority nationality in Lanxi area basically presents the "big dispersion, small settlement" belt distribution along the river valley, and the urban spatial form is influenced by religious culture, which shows the special form of "living in the surrounding temple" and "living in the surrounding temple and Shang". It is concluded that the natural geographical environment plays an important role in the distribution of urban population and the evolution of spatial form in Lanxi area. In the part of quantitative analysis, first degree index, zipf law and fractal dimension are used to analyze the present situation and evolution process of urban population distribution in Lanxi area. The present situation of urban population scale and scale structure is continuous, the distribution of large and medium-sized cities is relatively dispersed, the number of small cities is more, the first characteristic of Lanzhou is obvious, but the driving effect on the development of regional urban system is lacking. According to the evolution process of urban population size distribution in Lanxi from 2004 to 2014, the sequence of urban population size has always been different, but gradually optimized, among which the population size of Lanzhou City, the first city, has gradually narrowed the gap. The status of small and medium-sized cities is constantly increasing. The correlation dimension of fractal dimension is used to analyze the urban distribution pattern in Lanxi area. The results are consistent with the qualitative analysis of urban distribution along Hehuang valley in Lanxi area. Then using the city expansion intensity index, the urban construction land expansion speed, the fractal dimension, the compactness index and the city expansion elasticity coefficient to study the typical urban spatial form. It is found that the characteristics of urban spatial expansion in Xining in the past 30 years accord with the evolution characteristics of urban spatial form of river valley type, and the phenomenon of urban spatial expansion is wasteful at the present stage. Finally, suggestions are made on the rational distribution of urban scale in Lanxi at the macro level, and optimization strategies are put forward on the microscopic level on the spatial evolution of typical river valley cities.
【学位授予单位】：河南工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TU984.113

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