中国城市迈向近零碳排放与正气候发展模式

发布时间：2018-11-08 07:18

【摘要】：在巴黎举行的第21次联合国气候变化大会(COP21)提出了实现全球温室气体的净零排放。城市要迈向零碳排放的发展模式不能只局限在建筑的技术应用层面。从空间与多元化手段整合的要求上,零碳排放的发展需要通过于城区空间层面创新规划、设计、运营路径达到。提出"正气候"的城市项目发展模式,作为未来我国城市通过城区建设更新带来的机遇,迈向零碳排放的手段。正气候发展模式可以有效引导我国城市发展尽快达到碳排放峰值。在我国城市还有20年城镇化的历程中,一方面可以把未来新建城区的碳排放量最少化,同时也要把握城区发展和更新的机遇,以项目带动城市空间(如土地-交通结构)重组、低碳投资,推动市场手段与体制改革,为周边城区带来减低碳排放的外部性效应,从而达到整体净负碳排放的"正气候"效果。迈向正气候的城区发展模式,在实施保障方面需要跳出以技术应用为核心的传统政策思维,不限于在建筑尺度的设计手段,而要积极探讨在城区空间尺度可以带来的外部性减碳手段,包括推动分布式能源建设、绿色出行、废物零填埋、建筑节能管理服务、城市森林等。与此同时,需要在目前我国法定城市规划与建设流程上提出创新体制,引入动态监控碳排放机制,保障减碳排放目标能够通过法定管理体制贯彻城区建设的整个生命周期,达到正气候效果。
[Abstract]:The 21 st United Nations Climate change Conference (COP21) in Paris proposed net zero global greenhouse gas emissions. The development model of the city towards zero-carbon emission should not be confined to the technical application of buildings. From the integration of space and diversified means, the development of zero carbon emissions needs to be achieved through innovative planning, design and operation path in urban space level. The urban project development model of "positive climate" is put forward as an opportunity for Chinese cities to move towards zero carbon emissions through urban renewal in the future. The positive climate development model can effectively guide the urban development of China to reach the peak carbon emission as soon as possible. In the course of urbanization in China's cities for 20 years, on the one hand, we can minimize the carbon emissions of the new urban areas in the future, and at the same time, we should seize the opportunity of urban development and renewal, and promote the reorganization of urban space (such as land- traffic structure) by projects. Low carbon investment promotes the market means and system reform, and brings the externality effect of reducing carbon emission for the surrounding urban areas, thus achieving the "positive climate" effect of overall net negative carbon emissions. To move towards a positive climate urban development model, we need to jump out of the traditional policy thinking with technology application as the core in the implementation of security, and not be limited to the design means on the architectural scale. We should actively explore the externalities of carbon reduction in urban space scale, including promoting distributed energy construction, green travel, zero landfill waste, building energy-saving management services, urban forests, and so on. At the same time, it is necessary to put forward an innovative system in the process of legal urban planning and construction in our country at present, and introduce the mechanism of dynamic monitoring of carbon emissions, so as to ensure that the goal of reducing carbon emissions can carry out the whole life cycle of urban construction through the legal management system. Achieve a positive climate effect.
【作者单位】：城怡商务咨询(上海)有限公司;北京大学深圳研究生院城市规划与设计学院;
【分类号】：TU984.115

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