基于儒家时空观的传统鲁地聚落营造思想研究

发布时间：2018-11-08 17:42

【摘要】：原始农业是古代中国生产生活的基础,掌握时间规律是保障原始农业生产的前提。生存的基本需要使人们开始探索时间的规律,在此过程中,人们发现空间方位的确立是建立精准时间体系的基础,时间与空间密不可分。时空的探究由此开始,成为了传统文化的核心基础。从古人开始定居,便有了聚落,随着时间的发展逐渐分化成城邑与村落。人们自知"寄蜉蝣于天地,渺沧海之一粟",于是崇拜时空的力量,希望人间与之协调。因此,自周始,聚落的营建活动便受其时空观的影响,形成了聚落时空秩序的雏形,直至西汉以周礼为基础的儒家文化成为主流意识形态,从宏观到微观的聚落营建在儒家时空观的指导下井然有序的形成与发展,直至明清,达到顶峰。鲁地作为儒家文化的发源地,此种聚落的时空特征尤为突出。本文力图通过对鲁地聚落大量史的料研究,实地踏勘调研与测绘的等式,探究在儒家时空观的影响下,鲁地聚落在各个空间层面上的营造思想。第一章阐明了本文的研究基础,明确了本文的研究范围,包括鲁地的地域范围、儒家时空观的时间范围以及聚落的具体定义。对前人的研究与分析进行整理,明确本文研究意义与重点。第二章对儒家时空观进行研究,首先介绍其产生的背景与思想基础;其次,对以方位与时序概念为主要内容的儒家时空观进行分析;最后,论述了在时空观指导下的古代理想社会。第三章对鲁地聚落营建的重要基础特征进行了分析,包括其历史、现状、自然条件与人文条件。第四章为本文的重点,通过对鲁地聚落进行的大料史料分析与实地调研,从整体聚落秩序体系、单体聚落营建、宅院空间、单体建筑与室内外装饰五个空间层次上分析儒家时空观影响下的营造思想。结语部分为全文的总结,希望本文对鲁地区域建筑文化的研究提供相应的理论基础,并对今后鲁地区域的相关规划与建筑设计有所启发。
[Abstract]:Primitive agriculture is the foundation of production and life in ancient China. The basic need of survival makes people begin to explore the law of time. In this process, people find that the establishment of spatial orientation is the basis of establishing accurate time system, time and space are inseparable. Therefore, the exploration of time and space has become the core foundation of traditional culture. Since the ancients began to settle down, there have been settlements, with the development of time gradually divided into towns and villages. People know that "send ephemera to heaven and earth, a drop in the sea", so worship the power of time and space, hope that the world and its coordination. Therefore, from the beginning of the Zhou Dynasty, the settlement construction activities were influenced by its space-time view and formed the embryonic form of the settlement space-time order, until the Confucian culture based on Zhou Li became the mainstream ideology in the Western Han Dynasty. The settlement from macro to micro was formed and developed in an orderly manner under the guidance of the Confucian concept of time and space until the peak of the Ming and Qing dynasties. As the birthplace of Confucian culture, the temporal and spatial characteristics of this settlement are particularly prominent. This paper tries hard to explore the construction thought of Shandong settlement on various spatial levels under the influence of Confucian time and space view through the material research on a large number of history of settlement in Shandong and the equation of field survey and mapping. The first chapter clarifies the research basis of this paper, and clarifies the research scope of this paper, including the regional scope of Shandong, the time range of Confucian view of time and space and the concrete definition of settlement. The research and analysis of predecessors are sorted out, and the significance and focus of this study are clear. The second chapter studies the concept of time and space of Confucianism, firstly introduces its background and ideological basis, secondly, analyzes the concept of time and space of Confucianism, which takes the concept of orientation and time sequence as the main content. Finally, it discusses the ancient ideal society under the guidance of the view of time and space. The third chapter analyzes the important basic characteristics of the settlement construction in Shandong, including its history, current situation, natural conditions and human conditions. The fourth chapter is the focus of this paper, through the analysis of large historical data and field investigation, from the overall settlement order system, single settlement building, house space, On the five space levels of single building and interior decoration, this paper analyzes the construction thought under the influence of Confucian view of time and space. The conclusion part is a summary of the full text, hoping that this paper provides the corresponding theoretical basis for the study of the regional architectural culture in Shandong, and enlightens the related planning and architectural design of the region in the future.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TU982.29

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