豫西南传统民居墙体营建工艺研究
发布时间：2018-11-17 16:58
【摘要】：豫西南传统民居营建工艺是在“十二五”国家科技支撑计划课题《传统村落营建工艺传承、保护与利用技术集成与示范》的背景下来进行研究的。目前建筑营建工艺的课题为当前建筑遗产的保护和传承,以及非物质文化遗产的提出、研究开启了新的篇章。在我国以木构架为主的传统民居建筑中,墙体多数是做为围护结构而存在并以此进行不断发展而不断演变,民居墙体结合不同的地域环境和原生建材会有不同的构筑方式和建造技艺,这些技艺的演变都不同程度地反映着地域性、民族性和文化性等。豫西南地域民居存在的形制和结构以及独特性就是文化交融的结果,建筑构架和墙体的演变再到工艺的改良和适应都切实验证了这一点。为了传承和保护民居遗产,首当其冲便是保护豫西南的民居营建工艺,这也是研究的出发点。再加上豫西南保留比较完好的传统民居形态在城乡建设中不断受到冲击,因此便需要我们对它的营造工艺和技术进行系统整理,为建筑文化遗产的保护尽一份微薄之力。论题的研究建立在大量文献调研和实地考察的基础上,进行探测豫西南山地传统民居及墙体结构及营造技艺,收集当地一手相关资料,通过对当地营造工艺方法的记录和分析,梳理当地墙体构造的演变历史;并在此基础上对豫西南地理环境、人文因素和建筑流派的影响做背景分析;最后结合豫西南民居院落布局形制和建筑墙体结构特征、民居墙体营建工艺三个方面来归纳总结豫西南传统民居墙体的营建工艺并做梳理。本文第一介绍了选题意义,相关领域研究现状以及本文研究方法和思路;第二章对于研究对象特征做了概述,第三至四章是本文重点,首先划定了豫西南区域内的分区研究范围,总结并梳理了墙体营造的历史演变,墙体结构构造和墙体构件的营造工艺细节,再结合民居墙体营造实例进行分析和验证,最后得出结论来验证豫西南地区地域性的传统民居墙体的营造工艺特征;第五章运用国内外创新案例来抛砖引玉出民居墙体未来的营造方式和营造工艺创新点;第六章总结豫西南民居营建的现状和保护,并对民居营建创新提出构想,第七章进行总结并展望,为以后民居的保护以及发展进行展望。
[Abstract]:The construction technology of traditional residential buildings in southwest Henan Province is studied under the background of "the 12th Five-Year Plan" of National Science and Technology support Project "inheritance of traditional Village Construction Technology, Protection and Utilization of Technology Integration and demonstration". At present, the subject of building construction technology has opened a new chapter for the protection and inheritance of current architectural heritage and the proposal of intangible cultural heritage. In the traditional residential buildings with wood frame as the main part, most of the walls exist as the enclosure structure, and the wall structure is constantly developing and evolving. In combination with different regional environment and native building materials, the wall of folk houses will have different construction methods and techniques. The evolution of these techniques reflects the regional, national and cultural characteristics to varying degrees. The form, structure and uniqueness of residential houses in southwest Henan Province are the result of cultural blending. The evolution of architecture and walls to the improvement and adaptation of technology have proved this point. In order to inherit and protect the residence heritage, the first is to protect the residence construction technology in southwest Henan, which is also the starting point of the research. In addition, the well-preserved traditional residential forms in southwest Henan are constantly affected in the construction of urban and rural areas, so we need to make a systematic arrangement of its construction technology and technology, so as to contribute a modest contribution to the protection of architectural cultural heritage. The research on the topic is based on a large number of literature and field investigations, to probe into the traditional residential buildings and wall structures and building techniques in the mountain area of the southwest of Henan Province, to collect the relevant local materials, and to record and analyze the local construction techniques. Combing the evolution history of local wall structure; On the basis of this, the background analysis is made on the influence of geographical environment, humanistic factors and architectural schools in southwestern Henan Province. Finally, combining with the layout of residential courtyard in southwest Henan Province and the characteristics of building wall structure, this paper summarizes and combs the construction technology of traditional residential building wall in Southwest Henan Province. The first part of this paper introduces the significance of the topic, the current situation of research in related fields, and the research methods and ideas of this paper. The second chapter summarizes the characteristics of the research object, and the third to fourth chapters are the focus of this paper. Firstly, it delimits the research scope of the district in southwest Henan province, summarizes and combs the historical evolution of the wall construction. The structure of the wall structure and the construction process of the wall component are analyzed and verified with the example of the building of the folk residence wall. Finally, the conclusion is drawn to verify the characteristics of the building technology of the traditional residential wall in southwest Henan; The fifth chapter uses the domestic and foreign innovation case to draw the brick and jade out the folk residence wall in the future construction way and the construction craft innovation point; The sixth chapter summarizes the present situation and protection of residential construction in Southwest Henan Province, and puts forward some ideas for the innovation of residential construction. The seventh chapter summarizes and looks forward to the protection and development of residential buildings in the future.
【学位授予单位】：四川美术学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TU241.5
本文编号：2338498
[Abstract]:The construction technology of traditional residential buildings in southwest Henan Province is studied under the background of "the 12th Five-Year Plan" of National Science and Technology support Project "inheritance of traditional Village Construction Technology, Protection and Utilization of Technology Integration and demonstration". At present, the subject of building construction technology has opened a new chapter for the protection and inheritance of current architectural heritage and the proposal of intangible cultural heritage. In the traditional residential buildings with wood frame as the main part, most of the walls exist as the enclosure structure, and the wall structure is constantly developing and evolving. In combination with different regional environment and native building materials, the wall of folk houses will have different construction methods and techniques. The evolution of these techniques reflects the regional, national and cultural characteristics to varying degrees. The form, structure and uniqueness of residential houses in southwest Henan Province are the result of cultural blending. The evolution of architecture and walls to the improvement and adaptation of technology have proved this point. In order to inherit and protect the residence heritage, the first is to protect the residence construction technology in southwest Henan, which is also the starting point of the research. In addition, the well-preserved traditional residential forms in southwest Henan are constantly affected in the construction of urban and rural areas, so we need to make a systematic arrangement of its construction technology and technology, so as to contribute a modest contribution to the protection of architectural cultural heritage. The research on the topic is based on a large number of literature and field investigations, to probe into the traditional residential buildings and wall structures and building techniques in the mountain area of the southwest of Henan Province, to collect the relevant local materials, and to record and analyze the local construction techniques. Combing the evolution history of local wall structure; On the basis of this, the background analysis is made on the influence of geographical environment, humanistic factors and architectural schools in southwestern Henan Province. Finally, combining with the layout of residential courtyard in southwest Henan Province and the characteristics of building wall structure, this paper summarizes and combs the construction technology of traditional residential building wall in Southwest Henan Province. The first part of this paper introduces the significance of the topic, the current situation of research in related fields, and the research methods and ideas of this paper. The second chapter summarizes the characteristics of the research object, and the third to fourth chapters are the focus of this paper. Firstly, it delimits the research scope of the district in southwest Henan province, summarizes and combs the historical evolution of the wall construction. The structure of the wall structure and the construction process of the wall component are analyzed and verified with the example of the building of the folk residence wall. Finally, the conclusion is drawn to verify the characteristics of the building technology of the traditional residential wall in southwest Henan; The fifth chapter uses the domestic and foreign innovation case to draw the brick and jade out the folk residence wall in the future construction way and the construction craft innovation point; The sixth chapter summarizes the present situation and protection of residential construction in Southwest Henan Province, and puts forward some ideas for the innovation of residential construction. The seventh chapter summarizes and looks forward to the protection and development of residential buildings in the future.
【学位授予单位】：四川美术学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TU241.5
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