加油站风荷载数值模拟研究
发布时间：2018-12-13 04:57
【摘要】：风灾调查表明,加油站整体损坏的情况比较少见,但其围护结构尤其是罩棚局部被掀开以致整个屋面遭受破坏的例子却屡见不鲜,严重影响了加油站使用功能的正常发挥。现行一般采用风洞试验来确定体型系数,但由于加油站体型的多变性及相关技术的限制,此方法造价过高而无法大量使用。荷载规范提供的风载体型系数非常有限,结构设计过程中,设计人员只能依据经验和规范参考值对风荷载进行估算。随着计算机技术的迅猛发展,数值模拟技术在结构风工程领域的研究中承担起越来越重要的角色。本文采用AutoCAD结合GAMBIT进行加油站的几何建模,在GAMBIT中进行结构域和流体域的网格划分,建立计算模型。运用Fluent软件采用k SST-ω湍流模型进行数值模拟,研究不同形状加油站在风荷载作用下的特性,得到了抗风设计中需要的参数。具体如下所述:对典型加油站进行区域分块,围护结构的平均风压系数为-1.53,规范参考值并不适用于计算围护结构风压值。研究各风向角下的风荷载特性,并给出了最不利风向角30度。对不同风速下各区域进行研究,角落和屋面的风压系数差值随着风速增加而增大,针对薄弱区域建议考虑局部风载体型系数以预防极端天气下的破坏。对矩形、圆形、坡形、伞形罩棚加油站结构进行了CFD数值模拟,探索了易出现高压的部位。并针对坡形加油站探讨了坡角对风压分布规律的影响,正方形伞形罩棚探讨了风向角、矢跨比对风压分布规律的影响,揭示了不同类型罩棚屋面的平均风压及风压分布特征。探究了工作室对矩形、圆形、坡形类型加油站风荷载特性的影响,给出了不同距离下的体型系数。针对矩形罩棚易在风敏感区域角落和边沿产生高压的风特性,提出相应的几种气动抗风措施能够降低风压值25%以上。
[Abstract]:The investigation of wind disaster shows that the whole damage of gas station is rare, but its enclosure structure, especially the part of the canopy is opened and the whole roof is damaged, which seriously affects the normal exertion of the service function of the gas station. Wind tunnel test is generally used to determine the body shape coefficient. However, due to the variation of gas station shape and the limitation of related technology, the cost of this method is too high to be widely used. The wind carrier type coefficient provided by the load code is very limited. In the process of structural design, the designer can only estimate the wind load based on the experience and the reference value of the code. With the rapid development of computer technology, numerical simulation plays an increasingly important role in the field of structural wind engineering. In this paper, AutoCAD and GAMBIT are used to model the gas station geometry, and the structure domain and fluid domain are meshed in GAMBIT, and the computational model is established. By using Fluent software, the k SST- 蠅 turbulence model is used to simulate the characteristics of gas stations with different shapes under wind load, and the parameters needed in wind resistant design are obtained. The details are as follows: the typical gas stations are divided into blocks and the average wind pressure coefficient of the enclosure structure is -1.53. The standard reference value is not suitable for calculating the wind pressure value of the enclosure structure. The characteristics of wind load at each wind direction angle are studied, and the most unfavorable wind direction angle of 30 degrees is given. The difference of wind pressure coefficient between corner and roof increases with the increase of wind speed. It is suggested that the local wind carrier coefficient should be considered to prevent the damage in extreme weather. The CFD numerical simulation of the gas station structure with rectangular, circular, slope and umbrella canopy is carried out, and the high pressure position is explored. The influence of slope angle on wind pressure distribution is discussed. The influence of wind direction angle and rise-span ratio on wind pressure distribution is discussed in square umbrella canopy, and the average wind pressure and wind pressure distribution characteristics of different types of roof are revealed. The influence of workroom on the wind load characteristics of rectangular, circular and slope type gas stations is investigated, and the shape coefficients at different distances are given. In view of the wind characteristics of rectangular canopy which is easy to produce high pressure in the corner and edge of wind-sensitive area, several corresponding pneumatic anti-wind measures are put forward, which can reduce the wind pressure by more than 25%.
【学位授予单位】：郑州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TU312.1;TU249.6
[Abstract]:The investigation of wind disaster shows that the whole damage of gas station is rare, but its enclosure structure, especially the part of the canopy is opened and the whole roof is damaged, which seriously affects the normal exertion of the service function of the gas station. Wind tunnel test is generally used to determine the body shape coefficient. However, due to the variation of gas station shape and the limitation of related technology, the cost of this method is too high to be widely used. The wind carrier type coefficient provided by the load code is very limited. In the process of structural design, the designer can only estimate the wind load based on the experience and the reference value of the code. With the rapid development of computer technology, numerical simulation plays an increasingly important role in the field of structural wind engineering. In this paper, AutoCAD and GAMBIT are used to model the gas station geometry, and the structure domain and fluid domain are meshed in GAMBIT, and the computational model is established. By using Fluent software, the k SST- 蠅 turbulence model is used to simulate the characteristics of gas stations with different shapes under wind load, and the parameters needed in wind resistant design are obtained. The details are as follows: the typical gas stations are divided into blocks and the average wind pressure coefficient of the enclosure structure is -1.53. The standard reference value is not suitable for calculating the wind pressure value of the enclosure structure. The characteristics of wind load at each wind direction angle are studied, and the most unfavorable wind direction angle of 30 degrees is given. The difference of wind pressure coefficient between corner and roof increases with the increase of wind speed. It is suggested that the local wind carrier coefficient should be considered to prevent the damage in extreme weather. The CFD numerical simulation of the gas station structure with rectangular, circular, slope and umbrella canopy is carried out, and the high pressure position is explored. The influence of slope angle on wind pressure distribution is discussed. The influence of wind direction angle and rise-span ratio on wind pressure distribution is discussed in square umbrella canopy, and the average wind pressure and wind pressure distribution characteristics of different types of roof are revealed. The influence of workroom on the wind load characteristics of rectangular, circular and slope type gas stations is investigated, and the shape coefficients at different distances are given. In view of the wind characteristics of rectangular canopy which is easy to produce high pressure in the corner and edge of wind-sensitive area, several corresponding pneumatic anti-wind measures are put forward, which can reduce the wind pressure by more than 25%.
【学位授予单位】：郑州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TU312.1;TU249.6
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