秦巴山地建筑太阳能通风设计研究
发布时间：2019-01-09 06:41
【摘要】：随着经济的发展,需要消耗更多的能源来承担经济的快速发展,能源消耗呈逐渐增长的趋势。在能源消耗结构中,建筑能耗占总能耗的35%左右,面对愈来愈严重的能源消耗问题,节能建筑已经成为当今建筑业研究的热点。自然通风是实现我国现阶段建筑节能和提高生活品质,减少病态建筑的重要途径。无组织自然对流和空气渗透形成的通风,已经无法产生舒适环境所需要的空气流动。夏热冬冷气候条件下,建筑节能最经济有效的方法是采用太阳能烟囱被动式技术,在夏季不仅可以将太阳热阻止在室外,同时也可为被动式通风技术提供驱动力,应用太阳辐射热为空气提供浮升力,将室外新鲜空气引入室内,增大通风量,除去室内余热、余湿,改善室内空气品质;在冬季可以利用被动式太阳能采暖技术有效改善室内热环境,在冬季太阳能烟囱集热墙吸收太阳辐射热,从而加热太阳能烟囱内空气温度,将热空气送入室内,改善冬季室内热环境。课题组通过对秦巴山区农村居住建筑调研、测试发现:建筑室内热环境差,但是当地太阳能资源具有一定利用价值。利用太阳能资源解决秦巴山地建筑夏季通风、降温,冬季采暖问题,是促进秦巴山区居住建筑可持续发展的重要措施。本文基于秦巴山区气候条件下,应用Fluent软件,根据气流状况,选择RNG k-ε湍流模型、DO辐射模型,采用SIMPLEC计算方法,在稳态条件下,模拟分析一体化太阳能烟囱结构参数对自然通风效果的影响;结合建筑能耗与建筑体形系数的关系,在室内通风最佳状态下,提出最优建筑长宽比,并应用Design Builder V3软件,对优化后的建筑室内热环境进行模拟分析,验证了秦巴山地建筑应用太阳能强化自然通风的合理性。本文主要研究成果为:(1)结合Trombe墙式太阳能烟囱、倾斜式太阳能烟囱强化通风原理,提出在秦巴山地建筑中应用一体化太阳能烟囱强化自然通风技术。(2)在秦巴山区气候条件下,层高为3m的二层农村居住建筑,当一体化太阳能烟囱宽度0.8m,进出口宽度0.2m,二层入口向下倾斜4o,倾斜段倾角30o时,太阳能烟囱通风量达到最大,即为最佳工况。(3)太阳能烟囱通风量与倾斜段烟囱倾角成反比;太阳能烟囱宽度对通风量、速度场影响最大。(4)通过分析建筑体形系数与能耗关系,以及建筑朝向与辐射量之间的关系,结合室内采光、太阳能烟囱通风对室内风速分布的影响,建议房间长宽比取为2:1。
[Abstract]:With the development of economy, it is necessary to consume more energy to undertake the rapid development of economy, and the energy consumption is increasing gradually. In the energy consumption structure, building energy consumption accounts for about 35% of the total energy consumption. In the face of more and more serious energy consumption problem, energy-saving building has become a hot spot in the construction industry. Natural ventilation is an important way to realize energy saving, improve life quality and reduce morbid buildings. Ventilation formed by unorganized natural convection and air penetration can no longer produce the air flow required for a comfortable environment. The most economical and effective way to save energy in buildings in hot summer and cold winter is to use the passive technology of solar chimney, which can not only prevent solar heat from outdoors in summer, but also provide a driving force for passive ventilation technology. Solar radiation heat is used to provide floating lift for air, and outdoor fresh air is introduced into the room to increase ventilation, remove indoor residual heat and moisture, and improve indoor air quality. In winter, passive solar heating technology can be used to effectively improve the indoor thermal environment. In winter, solar chimney collecting wall absorbs solar radiation heat, thus heating the air temperature in solar chimney and sending hot air indoors. Improve the indoor thermal environment in winter. Through the investigation of rural residential buildings in Qinba Mountain area, we found that the indoor thermal environment of the buildings is poor, but the local solar energy resources have certain value of utilization. It is an important measure to promote the sustainable development of residential buildings in Qinba Mountain area by using solar energy resources to solve the problems of summer ventilation, cooling and heating in winter. In this paper, based on the climatic conditions of Qinba Mountains, the RNG k- 蔚 turbulence model and DO radiation model are selected by using Fluent software and according to the airflow condition. The SIMPLEC method is used to calculate the results under steady conditions. The influence of structural parameters of integrated solar chimney on natural ventilation is simulated and analyzed. Combined with the relationship between building energy consumption and building shape coefficient, under the best condition of indoor ventilation, the optimum building aspect ratio is put forward, and the optimized indoor thermal environment is simulated and analyzed by using Design Builder V3 software. The rationality of using solar energy to strengthen natural ventilation is verified. The main results of this paper are as follows: (1) combined with Trombe wall solar chimney, inclined solar chimney reinforced ventilation principle, The application of integrated solar chimney to enhance natural ventilation technology in Qinba Mountain area is put forward. (2) under the climatic conditions of Qinba Mountain area, the two-story rural residential building with a height of 3m is used when the width of the integrated solar chimney is 0.8m. When the inlet and outlet width is 0.2 m, the entrance of the second floor is inclined down by 4 os, and the inclination angle of the inclined section is 30 o, the ventilation of the solar chimney reaches the maximum, that is, the optimum working condition. (3) the ventilation of the solar chimney is inversely proportional to the inclined angle of the chimney. The width of solar chimney has the greatest influence on the ventilation and velocity field. (4) by analyzing the relationship between building shape coefficient and energy consumption, as well as the relationship between building orientation and radiation quantity, combined with indoor lighting, The effect of solar chimney ventilation on indoor wind velocity distribution is suggested. The ratio of length to width is 2: 1.
【学位授予单位】：西安理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TU834
本文编号：2405259
[Abstract]:With the development of economy, it is necessary to consume more energy to undertake the rapid development of economy, and the energy consumption is increasing gradually. In the energy consumption structure, building energy consumption accounts for about 35% of the total energy consumption. In the face of more and more serious energy consumption problem, energy-saving building has become a hot spot in the construction industry. Natural ventilation is an important way to realize energy saving, improve life quality and reduce morbid buildings. Ventilation formed by unorganized natural convection and air penetration can no longer produce the air flow required for a comfortable environment. The most economical and effective way to save energy in buildings in hot summer and cold winter is to use the passive technology of solar chimney, which can not only prevent solar heat from outdoors in summer, but also provide a driving force for passive ventilation technology. Solar radiation heat is used to provide floating lift for air, and outdoor fresh air is introduced into the room to increase ventilation, remove indoor residual heat and moisture, and improve indoor air quality. In winter, passive solar heating technology can be used to effectively improve the indoor thermal environment. In winter, solar chimney collecting wall absorbs solar radiation heat, thus heating the air temperature in solar chimney and sending hot air indoors. Improve the indoor thermal environment in winter. Through the investigation of rural residential buildings in Qinba Mountain area, we found that the indoor thermal environment of the buildings is poor, but the local solar energy resources have certain value of utilization. It is an important measure to promote the sustainable development of residential buildings in Qinba Mountain area by using solar energy resources to solve the problems of summer ventilation, cooling and heating in winter. In this paper, based on the climatic conditions of Qinba Mountains, the RNG k- 蔚 turbulence model and DO radiation model are selected by using Fluent software and according to the airflow condition. The SIMPLEC method is used to calculate the results under steady conditions. The influence of structural parameters of integrated solar chimney on natural ventilation is simulated and analyzed. Combined with the relationship between building energy consumption and building shape coefficient, under the best condition of indoor ventilation, the optimum building aspect ratio is put forward, and the optimized indoor thermal environment is simulated and analyzed by using Design Builder V3 software. The rationality of using solar energy to strengthen natural ventilation is verified. The main results of this paper are as follows: (1) combined with Trombe wall solar chimney, inclined solar chimney reinforced ventilation principle, The application of integrated solar chimney to enhance natural ventilation technology in Qinba Mountain area is put forward. (2) under the climatic conditions of Qinba Mountain area, the two-story rural residential building with a height of 3m is used when the width of the integrated solar chimney is 0.8m. When the inlet and outlet width is 0.2 m, the entrance of the second floor is inclined down by 4 os, and the inclination angle of the inclined section is 30 o, the ventilation of the solar chimney reaches the maximum, that is, the optimum working condition. (3) the ventilation of the solar chimney is inversely proportional to the inclined angle of the chimney. The width of solar chimney has the greatest influence on the ventilation and velocity field. (4) by analyzing the relationship between building shape coefficient and energy consumption, as well as the relationship between building orientation and radiation quantity, combined with indoor lighting, The effect of solar chimney ventilation on indoor wind velocity distribution is suggested. The ratio of length to width is 2: 1.
【学位授予单位】：西安理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TU834
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