夏热冬冷地区墙体保温数值模拟研究及实验验证

发布时间：2019-01-22 21:16

【摘要】：能源是国家赖以生存和发展的重要物质基础,与社会文明进步息息相关,随着能源消耗量的不断增长,能源供应的可持续性问题日益凸显。而建筑在建造与使用过程中消耗了全球近一半的能源,中国目前的建筑能耗已占到社会总能耗的35%以上,建筑节能不仅成为了当今世界各国共同关注的焦点更是我国经济新常态发展阶段的重要内容。我国长江流域经济发展迅速,建筑能耗增长速度较快,主要气候特征为夏热冬冷,制冷与采暖需求并存,如何降低这一独特建筑气候区的建筑能耗是一个世界性难题。我国夏热冬冷地区建筑节能工作起步较晚,并且一直沿用北方寒冷及严寒地区的墙体外保温节能技术,找到更适合该地区的墙体保温结构意义重大。本文针对夏热冬冷地区分室性、间歇性用能特点,通过实验验证能耗模拟软件的可行性,运用全年与典型日用能分析相结合的方法,从用能一般性与特殊性两个方面对不同墙体结构的节能情况做全面准确的研究。然后分析单位面积上墙体内壁面的热流量,比较不同墙体结构下的室内环境通过墙体向外散失的能量大小关系。不同研究方法最终得到的结果均是内保温墙体结构节能效果最佳,最不推荐建筑墙体不做保温。全年空调用能:夏季内保温墙体结构全年制冷能耗比外保温墙体结构低11.2%;冬季内保温墙体结构全年制热能耗比外保温墙体结构低8.7%。夏热冬冷地区全年内内外保温墙体结构相对于无保温结构的总节能量节能分别为2190.65MJ和1569.05MJ。典型日空调用能:夏季和冬季内保温墙体结构日空调能耗比外保温墙体结构分别低18.9%和13.4%。单位面积热流量:夏季和冬季典型日空调运行时段内保温墙体结构热流密度比外保温墙体结构分别低11.7%和12.45%。此外本文还分析了室内人员使用空调的不同行为习惯在全年及一天24h内空调能耗量,对间歇性用能特点进一步研究。结果表明在不影响室内温度舒适性的情况下,情景一睡前关闭空调工作日早上不开空调;情景二凌晨关闭空调,早上起床后室内温度较低或较高便开启空调人员离开时及时关闭的使用习惯节能效果明显。相对于只要室内环境不舒适便保持空调运行的用能习惯而言,情景一和情景二的全年总能耗分别减少了6140.738MJ和3814.919MJ,人员行为习惯对空调用能情况影响显著。由此节能与每个人息息相关,在不影响舒适度的情况下,提倡出门关闭空调,按需开启空调。本文通过对建筑能耗定性及定量分析,希望能为夏热冬冷地区建筑节能的发展尽到微薄之力。
[Abstract]:Energy is an important material basis for the survival and development of a country, and is closely related to the progress of social civilization. With the continuous increase of energy consumption, the sustainability of energy supply becomes increasingly prominent. In the construction and use of buildings, nearly half of the world's energy consumption, China's current building energy consumption has accounted for more than 35% of the total energy consumption of society. Building energy saving has not only become the focus of common concern in the world today, but also an important part of the new normal stage of economic development in our country. The economy of the Yangtze River valley in China is developing rapidly, and the building energy consumption is increasing rapidly. The main climatic characteristics are hot summer and cold winter, and the demand for refrigeration and heating coexist. How to reduce the building energy consumption in this unique building climate area is a worldwide problem. The energy conservation work of buildings in hot summer and cold winter area starts late, and it is of great significance to find the wall insulation structure which is more suitable for the cold and cold areas in the north. In view of the characteristics of chamber and intermittent energy use in hot summer and cold winter area, the feasibility of energy consumption simulation software is verified by experiments, and the method of combining annual energy analysis with typical daily energy analysis is used. This paper makes a comprehensive and accurate study on the energy conservation of different wall structures from the aspects of generality and particularity of energy use. Then, the heat flux of the inner wall on the unit area is analyzed, and the energy relationship between the indoor environment with different wall structure and the energy dissipation through the wall is compared. The result of different research methods is that the energy saving effect of internal insulation wall structure is the best, and it is the least recommended that building wall should not do heat preservation. The annual energy consumption of air conditioning: the annual energy consumption of heat preservation wall structure in summer is lower than that of external insulation wall structure in the whole year, and the annual heating energy consumption of internal insulation wall structure in winter is 8.7 lower than that of external insulation wall structure. The total energy saving of internal and external insulation wall structure in hot summer and cold winter area is 2190.65MJ and 1569.05 MJ, respectively. Typical daily air conditioning energy consumption: the energy consumption of internal insulation wall structure in summer and winter is 18.9% and 13.440% lower than that of external insulation wall structure respectively. Heat flux per unit area: the heat flux of heat preservation wall structure in summer and winter is 11.7% and 12.45% lower than that of external insulation wall structure respectively. In addition, the different behavior habits of indoor personnel using air conditioning during the whole year and 24 hours a day were analyzed, and the characteristics of intermittent energy use were further studied. The results show that when the indoor temperature comfort is not affected, the air conditioning will not be turned on during the working day before going to bed. Situation 2 early in the morning to close the air conditioning, after getting up in the morning lower or higher indoor temperature will open when the air conditioner personnel leave the use of the habit of energy saving. Compared with the energy use habit of keeping air conditioning operation if the indoor environment is not comfortable, the total energy consumption of scenario 1 and scenario 2 are reduced by 6140.738MJ and 3814.919MJ, respectively, and the behavior habits of personnel have a significant effect on the energy use of air conditioning. Therefore, energy saving is closely related to everyone. Without affecting comfort, it is recommended to turn off air conditioning and turn on air conditioning on demand. Through qualitative and quantitative analysis of building energy consumption, this paper hopes to make a modest contribution to the development of building energy conservation in hot summer and cold winter area.
【学位授予单位】：青岛科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TU111.4

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