人类活动影响下的北京地区气候承载力初步评估

发布时间：2019-02-13 10:30

【摘要】：重点考虑北京地区的气候条件、环境特点以及社会经济发展过程中的主要人类活动,从气候资源现状、人类活动强度和生态环境状态3个基本要素层出发,构建人类活动影响下的北京地区气候承载力评估指标体系,评估人类活动影响下的北京地区气候承载力情况,分析了气候承载力构成要素的空间分布及相对水平,解析了不同区县气候承载力的相对状况及主要制约因子。结果表明,北京地区气候承载力指数(ICCC)在0.24~2.24之间变化,其中延庆县、密云县、昌平区的气候承载力较高,东城区、西城区、顺义区、石景山区、丰台区、房山区、朝阳区的气候承载力相对较差,海淀区、大兴区、怀柔区、门头沟区、平谷区、通州区居中。在各行政区县内部,东城区、西城区、丰台区、顺义区、朝阳区的气候承载力空间差异性较小;而延庆县、怀柔区、门头沟区等郊区气候承载力空间差异性较大,这主要受气候条件和生态环境的区域差异性影响。从气候承载力的构成要素看,怀柔区、延庆县及门头沟区的气候承载力主要受气候资源的限制;城六区和房山区等地的气候承载力主要受人类活动强度及生态环境要素的限制。就气候承载力具体指标而言,东城区、西城区、海淀区、朝阳区主要受人口密度、人均绿地面积以及生产生活排污量的影响;石景山区主要受空气质量较差的影响,房山区则受空气质量差和人均能耗高的影响。
[Abstract]:Focusing on the climate conditions, environmental characteristics and the main human activities in the process of social and economic development in Beijing, starting from the current situation of climate resources, the intensity of human activities and the state of the ecological environment, The evaluation index system of climate carrying capacity in Beijing area under the influence of human activities is constructed, and the situation of climate carrying capacity in Beijing area under the influence of human activities is evaluated, and the spatial distribution and relative level of the components of climate carrying capacity are analyzed. The relative condition and main restrictive factors of climate carrying capacity in different districts and counties are analyzed. The results showed that the climatic carrying capacity index (ICCC) of Beijing area varied from 0.24g to 2.24. The climatic carrying capacity of Yanqing County, Miyun County and Changping District was higher than that of Dongcheng District, Xicheng District, Shunyi District, Shijingshan District, Fengtai District and Fangshan District. The climate bearing capacity of Chaoyang District is relatively poor, Haidian District, Daxing District, Huairou District, Mentougou District, Pinggu District and Tongzhou District are in the middle. The spatial difference of climate carrying capacity in each administrative district, Dongcheng District, Xicheng District, Fengtai District, Shunyi District and Chaoyang District is small. The spatial difference of climate carrying capacity in Yanqing County Huairou District and Mentougou region is large which is mainly affected by the regional difference of climate conditions and ecological environment. The climate carrying capacity of Huairou District, Yanqing County and Mentougou area is mainly restricted by climate resources, and the climate carrying capacity of six districts and Fangshan District is mainly restricted by the intensity of human activities and the ecological environmental factors. In terms of climate carrying capacity, Dongcheng District, Xicheng District, Haidian District and Chaoyang District are mainly affected by population density, per capita green space area and the amount of sewage discharged from production and living. Shijingshan is mainly affected by poor air quality, while Fangshan is affected by poor air quality and high energy consumption per capita.
【作者单位】： 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所;中国科学院大学;中国气象局国家气候中心;
【基金】：中国气象局气候变化专项(CCSF201530)
【分类号】：P463.3
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本文编号：2421462