圣彼得堡土地利用格局现状特征及形成机制

发布时间：2019-03-23 16:57

【摘要】：以圣彼得堡市为例,依据1948、1987和2016年土地利用数据计算居住、工业和商业用地的区位熵值并分析其变化,基于统计小区、圈层式及扇形分布3个视角,运用GIS分析计划与市场经济影响下的城市用地空间分布特征。研究结果表明,居住、工业和商业用地的空间分布规律不同:(1)3类用地在城市整体空间分布中均表现出一定的分散特征,其中,居住用地空间分布表现最为分散,工业用地呈现出分区域性布局特征,相比而言商业用地空间聚集程度最高;(2)商业用地在核心圈层处于主导地位,工业用地在老城区圈层为主导地位,居住用地在近郊区圈层为主导地位,远郊区圈层仍处于初步发展阶段,城市景观发展尚未成熟;(3)对比圈层式和象限式结构各类用地区位熵值分布结果,提出圣彼得堡市3类用地空间分布扇形结构特征明显,说明沿主要交通线路是现代城市用地空间扩展主要方式,其中工业用地在城市空间分布中占据更为有利的交通区位优势,居住用地次之,商业用地在城市中心区域中分布不足。圣彼得堡城市用地空间分布形成主要机制总结为以下5个方面:前苏联时期城市用地空间结构主要框架的保持;行政区划调整为城市用地结构改善提供了路径;市场经济下住房体制改革推进了城市居住郊区化;土地市场对土地功能置换进程作用较弱;产业转型缓慢导致老城区仍主要为生产中心。
[Abstract]:Taking the city of Zibo as an example, the location entropy value of the residential, industrial and commercial land is calculated according to the land use data of 1948,1987 and 2016, and the change is analyzed, The spatial distribution of urban land under the influence of the market economy is analyzed by using the GIS. The results show that the spatial distribution law of the residential, industrial and commercial land is different: (1) The three types of land show some dispersion characteristics in the whole urban space distribution, among which, the spatial distribution of the living space is the most dispersed, and the industrial land is divided into the regional layout characteristics. (2) Commercial land is in the leading position in the core circle, the industrial land is dominant in the old city, and the residential land is dominant in the surrounding area, and the outer circle is still in the preliminary stage of development. The development of urban landscape is not yet mature; (3) The results of the distribution of the regional bit entropy for different types of land use and quadrant type structure show that the sector structure of the three-class space distribution in the city of the city is obvious, and the main way of the spatial expansion of the modern urban land along the main traffic line is explained. The industrial land occupies more favorable traffic location advantage in the urban space distribution, the residential land is the second, and the commercial land is not distributed in the central area of the city. The main mechanism of the spatial distribution of urban land in St. Petersburg is summarized as follows: the holding of the main framework of the urban land space structure in the former Soviet Union; the adjustment of the administrative division provides a path for the improvement of the urban land structure; In the market economy, the housing system reform has promoted the urban residential suburbanization; the land market has a weak effect on the land function replacement process; the slow industrial transformation has led to the fact that the old city is still mainly the production center.
【作者单位】：东北师范大学地理科学学院;圣彼得堡国立大学地球科学学院;东北大学江河建筑学院;密苏里大学自然资源学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(41471141)资助~~
【分类号】：TU984.113

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