古建木结构承重构件残损状态快速普查及鉴定方法研究

发布时间：2019-06-21 01:11

【摘要】：结构的损伤调查是古建筑木结构保护和修缮的基础,需时常进行。自20世纪以来,人们一直摸索如何准确评估古建筑木结构的安全状况。木构件的损伤评估包含了承重构件损伤状态评估和非承重构件损伤评估。其评估项目十分繁杂,所用仪器种类多,操作复杂,仅适合有专业素养的科研人员。而我国古建筑木结构数量多,相比较而言,管理人员较少,若根据规范进行构件损伤调查,文物管理工作量巨大,因此,亟需找到一种适合基层文物管理人员日常巡视工作的构件残损状态快速普查方法以及与之相应的构件损伤等级鉴定方法。本文首先研究了我国现行的各种相关规范,找到规范中规定的承重构件的主要检测项目及损伤等级鉴定方法,并以此为根据制定了一种构件残损状态快速普查方法和与之相应的构件损伤等级鉴定方法。利用快速普查法调查了飞云楼的承重木柱、承重梁枋和斗h1的残损情况,并根据构件残损等级鉴定方法利用构件的普查数据,确定了各构件的残损等级,从而为后续的保护及修缮提供了依据。利用准确性较高的无损检测手段调查了部分被评为非危险状态的构件,发现其中一小部分构件已处于危险状态,这表明利用构件残损状态快速普查方法并配合残损等级鉴定方法来判断构件的残损状态的准确性有待提高。根据无损检测得到的构件残损相关数据,改进了构件残损状态快速普查的方法和构件残损等级鉴定的方法,使这一方法的准确性得到了进一步的提高。
[Abstract]:Structural damage investigation is the basis of wood structure protection and repair of ancient buildings, which needs to be carried out from time to time. Since the 20 th century, people have been exploring how to accurately evaluate the safety of ancient building wood structures. The damage assessment of wood components includes damage state assessment of load-bearing members and damage assessment of non-load-bearing components. The evaluation project is very complicated, the instruments used are many, the operation is complex, only suitable for professional researchers. However, the number of ancient building wood structures in our country is large, compared with the managers, there are fewer managers. If the component damage investigation is carried out according to the code, the workload of cultural relics management is huge. Therefore, it is urgent to find a rapid survey method of component damage status and the corresponding component damage grade identification method suitable for the daily inspection work of grass-roots cultural relics managers. In this paper, various relevant specifications in China are studied, and the main detection items and damage grade identification methods of load-bearing components specified in the code are found, and on the basis of this, a rapid survey method of component damage state and the corresponding component damage grade identification method are established. The damage of load-bearing wooden columns, load-bearing beams Fang and Dou H1 of Feiyun Building was investigated by means of rapid census method. According to the identification method of component damage grade, the damage grade of each component was determined by using the general survey data of components, which provided the basis for the subsequent protection and repair. The nondestructive testing method with high accuracy is used to investigate some components which have been rated as non-dangerous state, and it is found that a small part of them are already in dangerous state, which indicates that the accuracy of judging the damaged state of components by using the rapid survey method of component damage state and the method of damage grade identification needs to be improved. According to the data of component damage obtained by nondestructive testing, the method of rapid survey of component damage state and the method of component damage grade identification are improved, and the accuracy of this method is further improved.
【学位授予单位】：北京交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TU366.2;TU317

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