思考中的行动：钱穆的中国文化教育道路

发布时间：2018-02-16 12:52

本文关键词： 钱穆教育改革中国文化国学概论学者课程研究者　出处：《华东师范大学》2009年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】： 作为现代中国“最后一位”国学大师,钱穆为中国的国学研究留下了无法估量的价值遗产,不仅如此,钱穆更是一位弟子满天下的教育家。从“年十八,抗颜为人师”,一直到后来创办新亚学院,再到后来定居台湾,可以说,钱穆先生一生都在从事着教育事业。学术与教育构成了钱穆生命的两翼,本文主要就是要研究钱穆的教育生命。从无锡三兼小学的初为人师,到后宅小学的课程改革实验,钱穆在小学教育生涯中真正体会到春风化雨的温暖感受;从厦门中学到苏州中学,钱穆从小学来到了中学,他的教师生涯也开始了新的行程,在中学的教育生涯中,更好地发挥了他的学术才华。离开苏中中学,钱穆就进入了高等学府,开始了教授生涯。晚清以降,迭次的教育改革在中国大地上风起云涌,中国文化在一轮轮改革浪潮的冲刷下在教育体制里丧失殆尽,“中学”在“西学”的强大攻势下逐渐丧失其存在的合法性。中国文化也因而显得岌岌可危。面对中国文化在教育领域消逝的危急,钱穆开始探索复兴中国文化的课程道路。钱穆不仅积极批判迭次教育改革中轻视中国文化的教育改革取向,而且自己身体力行,通过开发国学课程来架构落实中国文化教育的具体路径。当然,一门优秀课程的开发并不是那么简单,而是要具有深厚的文化底蕴与课程研究能力。钱穆正是在自己多年潜心学术的基础上,在对教育进行深入思考的过程中,开发出了自己的中国文化课程:《国学概论》。在钱穆不断的思考与持续的努力之下,钱穆的中国文化教育取得了非凡的成果:那些或直接或间接受过钱穆中国文化教育的学生,都会一变其对中国文化的陈旧看法,或者进而将弘扬中国文化作为自己的毕生使命。钱穆的中国文化教育道路及其国学课程开发都基于这样一个信念,那就是:经过中国文化的教育,学生都会成为具有文化信仰的中国人,都会将中国文化作为自己安身立命的基本信条。然而,今天轰轰烈烈展开的国学热似乎是中国文化复兴的征兆,可是,这些国学教育都缺乏明确的教育理想与具体的教育目的,大多是些不着边际的哗众取宠。通过考察钱穆的国学课程,可以很好的纠正当今国学课程的缺失。今天的教师在其专业发展方向上大多存在着这样两个极端:或者是盲目追求其教学能力的提高而忽视学术积累;或者是片面追求学术积累而放弃课程研究,造成专业发展的失衡。通过考察钱穆的教师生涯,可以发现,钱穆非常完美地解决了这个问题,在学术积累与教育研究两个维度上保持了平衡,并且都取得了极大的发展。这就是我们考察钱穆教师生涯的另一个现实意义:通过思考钱穆的成长之路,庶几可对当今教师专业发展提供有益的启示。提出钱穆式的教师这一概念是为了阐明:教师不仅仅是一个教书匠,更能通过自己的努力成为学者、课程研究者,让自己的才华、热情通过教学生活来展现、发展,而这终将成为教师努力的方向。
[Abstract]:As the last " last " national master of modern China , Qian Mu has left an unfathomable value legacy for China ' s national studies , not only that , Qian Mu is a disciple full of educationalists . From " the 18th century to the face as a human division " , until later settled in Taiwan , can say that Mr . Qian Mu spent his whole life in education . Academic and education form the two wings of money Mu ' s life . This article is mainly to study the education life of Qian Mu . From the elementary school of Wuxi San and Primary School to the curriculum reform experiment of Houzhai Primary School , Qian Mu really realized the warm feeling of the spring wind and rain during the elementary school education career ; from Xiamen Middle School to Suzhou High School , Qian Mu came to the middle school from the primary school , and his teacher career also started a new stroke . In the middle school education career , he had better played his academic talents . After leaving the middle school , Qian Mu entered the higher learning institution and started his career . In the wake of the late Qing Dynasty , the reform of education on the ground of China ' s big ground has started to ebb . The Chinese culture has lost its legitimacy in the educational system under the erosion of the wave of wheel reform . The Chinese culture has gradually lost its existence under the strong offensive of " Western science " . Chinese culture is thus very precarious . In the face of the crisis of Chinese culture in the field of education , Qian Mu began exploring the course road to revive Chinese culture . Qian Mu not only actively criticized the educational reform orientation of Chinese culture in the reform of education , but also tried to implement the concrete path of China ' s cultural education through the development of the national curriculum . Qian Mu ' s Chinese culture education road and its national curriculum development are based on the belief that Chinese culture is the basic tenet of Chinese culture . However , it seems that Chinese culture is a sign of Chinese cultural renaissance . However , there is a lack of clear educational ideal and specific educational purpose . Today ' s teachers have two extremes in their professional development direction : either blindly pursuing the improvement of their teaching ability , ignoring the accumulation of academic accumulation , or abandoning the course research in the pursuit of academic accumulation , which leads to the imbalance of professional development . Through examining the teacher career of Qian Mu , we can find that Qian Mu is very perfect in solving the problem , and has achieved great development in the two dimensions of academic accumulation and education . This is another practical significance for us to study the growth of Qian Mu . The concept of Qian Mu - style teacher is to illustrate that the teacher is not only a teacher , but also can be a scholar , a course researcher , a talented person and a passion through the teaching life to show and develop through teaching life , which will eventually become the direction of teacher ' s effort .

【学位授予单位】：华东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2009
【分类号】：K092

【引证文献】