留学生与近代中国的文物保护

发布时间：2018-05-01 11:15

本文选题：留学生 + 近代中国　；参考：《徐州师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》2008年04期

【摘要】：中国的文物保护问题在19世纪末就曾引起中国人的重视。20世纪初期随着大量在海外学习地质学、生物学、人类学、博物馆学、考古学的留学生归国,中国社会的文物保护事业走上科学的发展道路。在北洋政府和国民政府时期成立的"古物保管委员会"中,大多数委员都是留学生。通过他们的种种努力和探索,中国的文物保护立法逐步完善,文物保护工作逐步步入科学化、正规化、系统化的道路;图书馆、博物馆以及各种具有文物保护职能的机构和科学团体建立和完善起来,文物古迹调查和保护宣传工作也得以开展;留学生归国后,进入各高等学校,使得大学和科研机构成为教学和研究中心,这其中尤以北大国学门的考古学研究室、清华国学研究院和社科院历史语言研究所为代表。他们参与考古和调查活动,推广文物保护的技术和知识,为中国文物保护事业培养了专门人才。而一些留学生组织的研究团体和个人也通过各种途径为近代中国的文物保护和调查工作提供了支持。总之,留学生为保护祖先留下的珍贵文化遗产、弘扬民族文化、凝聚民族力量作出了巨大的贡献。
[Abstract]:The problem of cultural relic conservation in China has attracted Chinese attention since the end of the 19th century. In the early 20th century, with a large number of overseas students studying geology, biology, anthropology, museology, and archaeology, they returned home. The protection of cultural relics in Chinese society is on the road of scientific development. During the period of the Beiyang Government and the National Government, most of the members of the Antiquities custody Committee were overseas students. Through their efforts and explorations, China's cultural relics protection legislation has been gradually improved, and the protection of cultural relics has gradually entered the road of science, formalization and systematization. Museums, as well as various institutions and scientific organizations with the function of protecting cultural relics, have been established and perfected, and the investigation and publicity of cultural relics and monuments have also been carried out; after returning to the country, foreign students will enter various institutions of higher learning. Universities and scientific research institutions have become teaching and research centers, especially the archaeological research department of Peking University, the Tsinghua Institute of Chinese Studies and the Institute of History and language of the Academy of Social Sciences. They participated in archaeological and investigation activities, popularized the techniques and knowledge of cultural relics conservation, and trained specialized personnel for the cause of cultural relics conservation in China. Some research groups and individuals provided support for the protection and investigation of cultural relics in modern China. In a word, the overseas students made great contributions to protect the precious cultural heritage left by their ancestors, to carry forward the national culture and to unite the national strength.
【作者单位】：北京师范大学;中国国家博物馆;
【分类号】：K87

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