国史、国学与国家——浅释民初清华国学研究院四位史家之思想与史学
发布时间：2018-11-11 13:57
【摘要】：清华大学四大史家梁启超、王国维、陈寅恪与李济之人生路程、人生观与文化观,有诸多相似之处。他们都生于清朝末年,都是南方人,"旧学"根底都很深厚,都对"西学"即所谓"现代科学"与"科学方法"下过功夫。以上四点对他们的学术路程、思想定向、世界观与人生观都有决定性的影响。四位史家到清华执教时,思想与国家观已成型,以后鲜有改变,而其最后之生命归宿亦因之而注定。四位先生之治学皆起始于国学,后转究西学,再回应国运与世势之变而归入国史之研究,乃成其终身大业。其间由于家世、家学、个人品性与人格、人生经验、立身之文化观与世界观等等因素之异殊,而使其个别经验路程不同,但亦各有创新国学系统与开辟国史新研究领域之划时代贡献。清华国学研究院在中国近代学术史与教育制度史上具有里程碑意义,与四位史家密切相关。四位史家在清华执教的1925年夏至1929年春这段时间,为清华国学研究院的黄金时期,使清华成为中国史学第一重镇,短短四年间培养出数十位史学精英。总之,国家变化、政治失修、社会失调及于个人世界之安危,使中国学术出现新局面,而国史之重整与翻新亦多为其相连之结果。
[Abstract]:There are many similarities in life journey, outlook on life and culture between four historians of Tsinghua University, Liang Qichao, Wang Guowei, Chen Yinke and Li Ji. All of them were born in the late Qing Dynasty. They were all southerners. They all had a deep foundation in the old school. They all worked hard on the western learning, the so-called "modern science" and the "scientific method". The above four points have a decisive influence on their academic journey, ideological orientation, world outlook and outlook on life. By the time the four historians taught at Tsinghua, their ideas and state views had taken shape and had rarely changed, and their final fate was doomed. The four scholars' studies all started from the study of Chinese culture, then turned to western learning, and then, in response to the change of national fate and the world situation, they were included in the study of the history of China, which became their great cause of life. In the meantime, due to the differences in family background, family studies, personal character and personality, life experience, cultural view and world outlook, etc., the individual experience is different. But they also have the epoch-making contribution of innovating the national study system and opening up the new research field of the history of China. Tsinghua National Studies Institute is a milestone in the history of Chinese modern academic history and educational system, and is closely related to four historians. The Summer Solstice, who taught in Tsinghua in 1925, was the golden period of Tsinghua National Studies Research Institute, which made Tsinghua become the most important town of Chinese historiography, and cultivated dozens of elite historiography in just four years. In a word, the changes of the country, the disrepair of politics, the imbalance of society and the safety of the individual world make the Chinese academic have a new situation, and the reorganization and renovation of the national history are also the result of its connection.
【作者单位】： 美国密执安大学历史系;
【分类号】：K092
[Abstract]:There are many similarities in life journey, outlook on life and culture between four historians of Tsinghua University, Liang Qichao, Wang Guowei, Chen Yinke and Li Ji. All of them were born in the late Qing Dynasty. They were all southerners. They all had a deep foundation in the old school. They all worked hard on the western learning, the so-called "modern science" and the "scientific method". The above four points have a decisive influence on their academic journey, ideological orientation, world outlook and outlook on life. By the time the four historians taught at Tsinghua, their ideas and state views had taken shape and had rarely changed, and their final fate was doomed. The four scholars' studies all started from the study of Chinese culture, then turned to western learning, and then, in response to the change of national fate and the world situation, they were included in the study of the history of China, which became their great cause of life. In the meantime, due to the differences in family background, family studies, personal character and personality, life experience, cultural view and world outlook, etc., the individual experience is different. But they also have the epoch-making contribution of innovating the national study system and opening up the new research field of the history of China. Tsinghua National Studies Institute is a milestone in the history of Chinese modern academic history and educational system, and is closely related to four historians. The Summer Solstice, who taught in Tsinghua in 1925, was the golden period of Tsinghua National Studies Research Institute, which made Tsinghua become the most important town of Chinese historiography, and cultivated dozens of elite historiography in just four years. In a word, the changes of the country, the disrepair of politics, the imbalance of society and the safety of the individual world make the Chinese academic have a new situation, and the reorganization and renovation of the national history are also the result of its connection.
【作者单位】： 美国密执安大学历史系;
【分类号】：K092
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