美国青年公民教育对我国的借鉴和启示

发布时间：2018-06-13 22:08

本文选题：公民教育 + 美国青年　；参考：《西北农林科技大学》2011年硕士论文

【摘要】：公民的素质高低取决于公民教育,良好的公民教育能造就优秀的公民素质。因此,公民教育实在是一项至关重要的社会道德和价值观的基础工程。我国在国家经济建设取得骄人业绩的同时,也出现了道德标准滑坡、社会秩序混乱、信用体系危机和违法犯罪事件不断上升等诸多严重的社会问题,构建和谐社会成了社会发展的迫切需求。另一方面,从更为长远的意义上看,一个民族的伟大复兴必须具备高度的民主政治制度,它是国家发展和进步的最有效的推动力之一,而真正的民主政治制度的载体是积极理性参与社会而又具有公共精神的民主公民。培养合格的公民是一项长期、复杂的过程,它需要宽阔的视野和长远的目光。我国拥有上千年的文化传统,历史悠久,有着较为深厚人治传统,在社会心理层面,“臣民”意识在人们的思想中有着沉重的烙印。解决这一问题的关键就是在全社会普遍开展公民教育,传播现代公民意识。现阶段,我国正处于由计划经济向市场经济的全面转型期,市场经济体制正在逐步完善,促进着社会结构正向国家、社会的二元平行结构转变,公民拥有了更多的社会权利、经济权利和政治权利,这些变化增强了人们的公民意识、强化了公民的主体地位,也增强了公民参与社会事务和政治生活的热情和能力,但是这一转变的过程也要求公民具有一定正确的公民知识,因而加强和普及公民教育具有非常重要的现实意义。美国是最早推行青年公民教育的国家之一,随着公民教育理论的快速发展、公民教育方法的不断创新,公民教育的途径也越来越多样和有效,本文从服务学习、课堂教学以及校园及社会环境熏陶三个方面分析美国青年公民教育的途径。通过借鉴国外,特别是对美国青年公民教育的方法和途径的分析,取其精华,有利于培养我国青年的爱国情操、民族自豪感以及自信心。本文的研究内容对现代的现实生活也有着十分重要的借鉴和启示的意义,希望能够进一步激发其他学者们投入该领域研究的热情。本论文根据研究内容与研究任务的需要,在研究过程中采用了文献分析法、因素分析法、模式研究法、比较法等多种研究方法,通过对我国青年的公民教育与美国青年的公民教育的对比,对我国青年公民教育在课程设置、权责意识以及教育途径上提出启示,以期能够对我国的青年公民教育的发展提供一些资料和依据。
[Abstract]:The quality of citizens depends on civic education, good civic education can create excellent quality of citizens. Therefore, civic education is an essential foundation of social morality and values. While our country has made remarkable achievements in national economic construction, there are also many serious social problems, such as a decline in moral standards, chaos in social order, a crisis in the credit system and an increasing number of illegal and criminal incidents. Building a harmonious society has become an urgent need for social development. On the other hand, in the longer term, the great rejuvenation of a nation must have a high degree of democratic political system, which is one of the most effective driving forces for the development and progress of the country. The carrier of the real democratic political system is the democratic citizen who takes part in the society actively and rationally and has the public spirit. Training qualified citizens is a long-term, complex process that requires broad vision and long-term vision. China has thousands of years of cultural tradition, has a long history, has a relatively deep tradition of rule by man, in the social psychological level, "subjects" consciousness in people's thinking has a heavy brand. The key to solve this problem is to carry out civic education and spread modern civic consciousness in the whole society. At the present stage, our country is in a comprehensive transition from planned economy to market economy, and the market economic system is gradually improving, promoting the transformation of the social structure to the state, the dual parallel structure of the society, and the citizens having more social rights. Economic and political rights, these changes have enhanced the civic awareness, strengthened the dominant position of citizens, and increased the enthusiasm and ability of citizens to participate in social affairs and political life, However, the process of this change also requires citizens to have correct civic knowledge, so it is of great practical significance to strengthen and popularize civic education. The United States is one of the earliest countries to promote youth civic education. With the rapid development of civic education theory and the continuous innovation of civic education methods, the ways of civic education are becoming more and more diverse and effective. Classroom teaching and the influence of campus and social environment are three ways to analyze American youth civic education. By analyzing the methods and approaches of American youth civic education abroad, especially in the United States, it is helpful to cultivate the patriotic sentiment, national pride and self-confidence of our young people. The research content of this paper also has the very important reference and the enlightenment significance to the modern real life, hoped can arouse the other scholars to put the research enthusiasm in this field further. According to the need of the research content and task, this paper adopts many kinds of research methods, such as document analysis, factor analysis, model research, comparative method and so on. By comparing the civic education of our youth with that of the American youth, this paper puts forward some inspirations on the curriculum, the sense of power and responsibility and the ways of education of the youth civic education in our country. In order to provide some information and basis for the development of youth civic education in our country.
【学位授予单位】：西北农林科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：G571.2;G521

【参考文献】