某市620名学生对受艾滋病影响儿童受教育权的反歧视态度及其影响因素分析

发布时间：2018-07-31 06:37

【摘要】：[目的]了解学生对艾滋病知识和相关法律政策的知晓情况,以及对受艾滋病影响儿童(OVC)在受教育权方面的态度及其影响因素。[方法]2006年6月在某市选取小学、初中、高中、大学各1所,每校选择2～3个班级,共624名学生进行问卷调查。[结果]回收问卷624份,其中有效问卷620份。学生艾滋病知识总的知晓率为73.46%,小学生、初中生、高中生和大学生知晓率分别为67.59%、73.56%、75.39%和74.12%。25.2%的学生听说过"四免一关怀"政策这一名词,37.4%的学生听说过具体的内容。虽然90%以上的学生同意受艾滋病影响儿童有受教育的权利,但不足60%的学生愿意与他们同班学习。学生对受艾滋病影响儿童的态度受知识水平、接受艾滋病教育以及权利意识的影响。[结论]学生对受艾滋病影响儿童受教育权方面还存在不同程度的歧视。缺乏知识,把艾滋病与不良行为道德联系起来是产生歧视的部分原因。政府的政策保证、学校提供艾滋病教育、增强法律意识有助于减少歧视。
[Abstract]:[objective] to understand the students' knowledge of AIDS and related laws and policies, as well as their attitudes towards the right to education of children affected by AIDS and its influencing factors. [methods] A questionnaire survey was conducted among 624 students in a city in June 2006, including one primary school, one junior high school, one senior high school and one university with 2 ~ 3 classes in each school. [results] 624 questionnaires were collected, of which 620 were valid. The total awareness rate of students' AIDS knowledge was 73.46. The awareness rate of pupils, junior high school students, senior high school students and college students was 67.5959, 75.39% and 74.12% respectively, and 25.2% of the students had heard of the policy of "four free and one care". 37.4% of the students had heard of specific contents. Although more than 90% of students agree that children affected by AIDS have the right to education, less than 60% of students are willing to study with them. Students' attitudes towards children affected by AIDS are influenced by their knowledge, AIDS education and awareness of rights. Conclusion students still have different degrees of discrimination about the right to education of children affected by AIDS. Lack of knowledge, linking AIDS to bad behavior is part of the reason for discrimination. Government policy guarantees that schools provide AIDS education and legal awareness helps reduce discrimination.
【作者单位】：北京大学儿童青少年卫生研究所北京大学儿童青少年卫生研究所北京大学儿童青少年卫生研究所哈尔滨医科大学卫生统计学教研室
【基金】：中加合作国际人权的实施项目第3阶段:“促进中国的反歧视”研究项目(A-032284-001-PR1)
【分类号】：D668;G478

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