学前儿童汉语语音意识的相关研究
发布时间：2018-12-29 07:27
【摘要】：语音意识(phonological awareness)是儿童自幼发展起来的对口语中声音结构的意识及运用。西方心理学界极为重视语音意识的研究，，发现了拼音文字儿童语音意识的发展规律，认为语音意识能预测阅读能力的发展，但语音意识的各成分的预测作用并不同。汉语儿童的汉语语音意识研究也得出了儿童语音意识的发展规律，发现测试材料、语言(包括方言)等因素影响着汉语语音意识水平；但在语音意识是否能预测阅读能力的作问题上还存在着争论。 在汉语儿童的语音意识研究中，以大陆地区学前儿童为研究对象的相关研究尚没有系统展开，存在一个研究空白。为此，本研究设计了两个实验：研究一意在发现学前儿童语音意识的发展规律，探讨上海话(即沪语)与粤语两种方言对儿童汉语语音意识的影响。研究二主要是探测学前儿童的语音意识是否对阅读能力起预测作用。 研究结果发现：1．学前儿童的语音意识发展中，声调意识水平最高，韵母意识其次，声母意识最低；三种语音意识都随年龄的增长而提高，其中声调意识增长最快，韵母意识居中，声母意识相对较低。2．方言类型是学前儿童汉语语音意识发展的一个影响因素。其中沪语对上海儿童的汉语语音意识影响不大，粤语对湛江儿童的汉语语音意识起着较大的影响作用。3．学前儿童的汉语语音意识水平与儿童的阅读能力存在着相关，前者在某种程度上能预测后者的水平，但两者的相关性受年龄因素及具体语音意识成分的影响，不同的语音意识成分对阅读能力预测作用并不相同。本研究认为在学前期应及早开展普通话的普及教育，适当进行拼音教学，提高学前儿童的汉语语音意识水平，从而提高学前儿童的阅读能力。
[Abstract]:Phonological awareness (phonological awareness) is the awareness and application of phonological structure in spoken language developed by children from an early age. Western psychologists attach great importance to the study of phonological awareness and find out the development law of phonological awareness of children in phonetic characters. It is believed that phonological awareness can predict the development of reading ability, but the predictive function of each component of phonological awareness is not the same. The study of Chinese phonological awareness of Chinese children has also obtained the development law of children's phonological awareness, and found that testing materials, language (including dialects) and other factors affect the level of Chinese phonological awareness. However, there is a debate on whether phonological awareness can predict reading ability. In the study of phonological awareness of Chinese children, there is no systematic research on preschool children in mainland China, and there is a blank in the study. Therefore, this study designed two experiments: one is to find out the development law of phonological awareness in preschool children, and to explore the influence of Shanghai dialect (Shanghai dialect) and Cantonese dialect on children's phonological awareness of Chinese. The second study was to investigate whether the phonological awareness of preschool children was a predictor of reading ability. The results show that: 1. In the development of phonological awareness of preschool children, the level of tone awareness is the highest, the vowel awareness is the second, and the initial awareness is the lowest; The three phonological awareness increases with age, among which tone awareness grows fastest, vowel awareness is in the middle, and initial awareness is relatively low. 2. Dialect type is an influential factor in the development of Chinese phonological awareness in preschool children. Among them, Shanghai language has little influence on Shanghai children's Chinese phonological awareness, while Cantonese has great influence on Zhanjiang children's Chinese phonological awareness. 3. There is a correlation between preschool children's Chinese phonological awareness level and children's reading ability. The former can predict the level of the latter to some extent, but the correlation between them is influenced by age factors and specific phonological awareness components, and different phonological awareness components have different effects on the prediction of reading ability. This study suggests that we should carry out the popularization education of Putonghua as early as possible, properly carry out the teaching of pinyin, improve the Chinese phonetic awareness of preschool children, and improve the reading ability of preschool children.
【学位授予单位】：华东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2006
【分类号】：G612.2
本文编号：2394490
[Abstract]:Phonological awareness (phonological awareness) is the awareness and application of phonological structure in spoken language developed by children from an early age. Western psychologists attach great importance to the study of phonological awareness and find out the development law of phonological awareness of children in phonetic characters. It is believed that phonological awareness can predict the development of reading ability, but the predictive function of each component of phonological awareness is not the same. The study of Chinese phonological awareness of Chinese children has also obtained the development law of children's phonological awareness, and found that testing materials, language (including dialects) and other factors affect the level of Chinese phonological awareness. However, there is a debate on whether phonological awareness can predict reading ability. In the study of phonological awareness of Chinese children, there is no systematic research on preschool children in mainland China, and there is a blank in the study. Therefore, this study designed two experiments: one is to find out the development law of phonological awareness in preschool children, and to explore the influence of Shanghai dialect (Shanghai dialect) and Cantonese dialect on children's phonological awareness of Chinese. The second study was to investigate whether the phonological awareness of preschool children was a predictor of reading ability. The results show that: 1. In the development of phonological awareness of preschool children, the level of tone awareness is the highest, the vowel awareness is the second, and the initial awareness is the lowest; The three phonological awareness increases with age, among which tone awareness grows fastest, vowel awareness is in the middle, and initial awareness is relatively low. 2. Dialect type is an influential factor in the development of Chinese phonological awareness in preschool children. Among them, Shanghai language has little influence on Shanghai children's Chinese phonological awareness, while Cantonese has great influence on Zhanjiang children's Chinese phonological awareness. 3. There is a correlation between preschool children's Chinese phonological awareness level and children's reading ability. The former can predict the level of the latter to some extent, but the correlation between them is influenced by age factors and specific phonological awareness components, and different phonological awareness components have different effects on the prediction of reading ability. This study suggests that we should carry out the popularization education of Putonghua as early as possible, properly carry out the teaching of pinyin, improve the Chinese phonetic awareness of preschool children, and improve the reading ability of preschool children.
【学位授予单位】：华东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2006
【分类号】：G612.2
【引证文献】
相关博士学位论文 前1条
1 杨先明;0-5岁汉语儿童语言发展的认知研究[D];武汉大学;2010年
相关硕士学位论文 前4条
1 郭琼;余干方言地区儿童语音意识发展特点及其与拼音水平的关系研究[D];江西师范大学;2010年
2 邵良红;初级汉语水平外国留学生汉语语音意识横向发展研究[D];暨南大学;2007年
3 李晶晶;5-6岁幼儿家庭读写环境与其早期阅读能力的相关研究[D];天津师范大学;2010年
4 直向辉;英语语音意识对小学生词语短时记忆及单词拼写的影响[D];河南大学;2010年
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