比较制度优势与产业结构差异:中印两国产业结构的差异及其原因

发布时间：2018-01-09 22:20

本文关键词：比较制度优势与产业结构差异:中印两国产业结构的差异及其原因　出处：《上海交通大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》2017年05期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：在过去的四分之一个世纪中,中国与印度已经成为全球总量最大、增长最快的经济体,"龙象之争"也逐渐成为学界与业界讨论的热点。"印度能否超越中国"的疑惑萦绕于国人心中挥之不去。作者认为回答这一问题,首先应了解两国过往增长的本质。众所周知,中国崛起依靠的是制造业的成功及其带来的全面工业化,印度崛起则依靠的是软件设计及服务业的快速发展。但为何两国优势产业截然不同?本文作者从一系列"中层制度"入手,认为两国在产业结构上的差异源自各国的比较制度优势不同。作者认为,中印两国不同的中层制度,决定了企业获取土地、资本、劳工以及技术这四个最基本要素的不同特征,影响了政府与企业的决策,从而塑造出两国不同的产业结构。
[Abstract]:In the past quarter century, China and India have become the largest and fastest-growing economies in the world. The debate over the dragon and elephant has gradually become a hot topic in academic circles and the industry. The question of "whether India can surpass China" lingers in the minds of the people of China. The author thinks that this question is answered. First, we should understand the nature of the two countries' past growth. As we all know, China's rise depends on the success of manufacturing and its full industrialization. India's rise depends on the rapid growth of software design and services. But why are the two countries' dominant industries so different? Starting with a series of "middle-level systems", the author thinks that the differences in industrial structure between the two countries are due to the differences in the comparative institutional advantages of different countries, and the author believes that China and India have different mid-level systems. It determines the different characteristics of the four most basic elements: land, capital, labor and technology, and influences the decision of the government and the enterprise, thus shaping the different industrial structure of the two countries.
【作者单位】：华东理工大学社会工作与社会政策研究院;
【基金】：华东理工大学基本科研业务费探索研究基金“中印制度环境与产业发展模式比较”(WE1621001)
【分类号】：F121.3;F135.1
【正文快照】： 一、“龙象之争”背后的产业结构差异 “印度是否能够超越中国”?自从2003年黄亚生与康纳(Tarun Khanna)在《外交政策》撰文比较中印两国经济发展之后,(1)“龙象之争”迅速成为国际关注的焦点。近年来,随着印度崛起,其发展也越来越受到国内学界、商界与民众的关注。这一趋

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