中国棉花产业国际竞争力及影响因素分析

发布时间：2018-01-25 05:45

本文关键词： 棉花国际竞争力影响因素对策建议　出处：《山东农业大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：棉花是我国重要的经济作物,是棉纺织业必不可少的原材料,在我国国民经济发展中具有十分重要的地位。我国具有较为悠久的棉花种植历史,早在明清时期就已经存在了棉花生产活动。我国棉花产业发展迅速,尤其是加入WTO以后,我国棉花产量、消费量以及进口量已经位于全球首位,棉花对于我国经济社会的发展具有不可或缺的地位。作为一个棉花生产大国,我国的棉花贸易却始终保持着严重的贸易逆差,这严重制约着我国棉花产业的健康发展,因此,十分有必要对我国棉花的国际竞争力进行研究,促进我国棉花产业的发展。文章重点研究了我国及世界棉花生产和贸易的现状、我国棉花国际竞争力水平以及影响我国棉花国际竞争力的相关因素。本研究主要结论有:(1)我国的棉花种植面积较大种植区域集中,产量随时间波动较大,不同棉产区单产差别大。我国的旱涝灾害和病虫害严重影响了我国棉花的生产活动。近些年来我国棉花的生产成本不断上升,棉花收益率下降幅度大。我国棉花的出口目的地和进口来源国都比较集中。(2)通过SWOT分析,影响我国棉花生产活动和竞争力的不利因素主要有我国棉花缺乏优质品种、“三丝”现象突出、加入WTO时间较晚使得在棉花补贴与出口规则上处于不利地位以及棉花库存量较大等。(3)我国棉花在国际上完全不具有竞争力。(4)影响我国棉花出口的影响因素主要有两国GDP、两国之间的距离、棉花出口价格、农业从业人口、棉花产量、棉纱产量、汇率、金融危机以及自贸区的建设等。对此,根据本文的研究结论找出了提升我国棉花国际竞争力的路径:(1)发挥区域优势,优化生产区域布局;(2)增加财政投入,加强水利设施建设和病虫害防治工作;(3)提高棉农专业技术及管理水平,降低生产成本;(4)建立棉花专业合作社,形成规模效应,降低生产成本;(5)培育优质棉花,完善棉花质检体制,规范棉花流通;(6)积极参与贸易组织规则制定,加快自贸区建设。
[Abstract]:Cotton is an important cash crop in China, is an indispensable raw material in cotton textile industry, and plays a very important role in the development of our national economy. China has a relatively long history of cotton cultivation. As early as the Ming and Qing dynasties, cotton production activities have already existed. China's cotton industry has developed rapidly, especially after China's entry into WTO, China's cotton output, consumption and imports have been ranked first in the world. Cotton plays an indispensable role in the development of our country's economy and society. As a big country of cotton production, our country's cotton trade has always maintained a serious trade deficit. This seriously restricts the healthy development of China's cotton industry, therefore, it is very necessary to study the international competitiveness of China's cotton. This paper focuses on the current situation of cotton production and trade in China and the world. The main conclusions of this study are: (1) the cotton planting area in China is concentrated, and the yield fluctuates with time. The drought and flood disasters and pests and diseases in China have seriously affected the cotton production activities in China. In recent years, the production cost of cotton in China has been rising. China's cotton export destination and country of origin are relatively concentrated. 2) through SWOT analysis. The main unfavorable factors affecting the cotton production activity and competitiveness in China are the lack of high quality cotton varieties in China, and the "three silk" phenomenon is prominent. China's cotton is not competitive in the world because of its late entry into WTO and the disadvantage of cotton subsidies and export rules, as well as the large stock of cotton. The main influencing factors of China's cotton export are GDP of two countries. The distance between the two countries, the price of cotton exports, the agricultural population, cotton production, cotton yarn production, exchange rate, financial crisis and free trade zone construction. According to the research conclusion of this paper, we find out the way to improve the international competitiveness of cotton in China: (1) give full play to the regional advantages and optimize the regional layout of production; (2) increasing financial input and strengthening the construction of water conservancy facilities and the prevention and control of diseases and pests; (3) to improve the professional technology and management level of cotton farmers and reduce the production cost; (4) establishing cotton specialized cooperative to form scale effect and reduce production cost; (5) cultivating high-quality cotton, perfecting the cotton quality inspection system, and standardizing the circulation of cotton; Take an active part in the formulation of WTO rules and accelerate the construction of free trade zones.
【学位授予单位】：山东农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：F326.12

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