我国油菜产业现状、发展困境及建议

发布时间：2018-02-03 08:57

本文关键词： 产业现状政策调整发展困境　出处：《中国农业大学学报》2017年12期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：自2015年油菜临储收购政策取消以后,国内油菜籽价格持续下跌,油菜种植户种植意愿降低,种植面积减少。为分析我国油菜产业当前面临的问题,本研究通过梳理油菜产业的发展现状、困境及成因,结合中国油菜产业发展特征,对中国油菜产业的发展出路提出几点思考建议。国内油菜产业面临着生产成本上升以及产品价格下滑的压力,油菜生产下滑,农户种植积极性受挫,形成如此困境的成因有两方面:国际方面,大量低价进口油菜籽冲击国内油菜市场,压低国内油菜产品价格,挤压了国内油菜产业发展空间;国内方面,油菜经营规模过小、机械化程度低致使油菜籽生产成本相对过高,市场竞争力不足。建议建立生产保护区保护油菜基本产能,开发油菜多功能性以提高产品价值,完善菜籽期货机制以及促进进口多元化来化解市场风险。
[Abstract]:Since the cancellation of the rapeseed purchase policy in 2015, domestic rapeseed prices have continued to decline, the rapeseed growers' willingness to plant has decreased, and the planting area has decreased. In order to analyze the problems facing the rape industry in China, Through combing the present situation, predicament and causes of rapeseed industry development, this study combined with the characteristics of rapeseed industry development in China. Some suggestions are put forward for the development of rapeseed industry in China. The domestic rapeseed industry is facing the pressure of rising production costs and falling product prices. The rapeseed production has declined, and farmers' enthusiasm for planting has been frustrated. There are two causes for such a predicament: internationally, a large number of imported rapeseed at low prices hit the domestic rape market, lowering the price of domestic rapeseed products, squeezing the development space of domestic rape industry, and at home, the scale of rape management is too small, The low degree of mechanization leads to the relatively high cost of rapeseed production and the lack of competitive power in the market. It is suggested to establish a production reserve to protect the basic production capacity of rapeseed and to develop rapeseed versatility in order to improve the product value. Improve rapeseed futures mechanism and promote import diversification to resolve market risks.
【作者单位】：华中农业大学经济管理学院/湖北农村发展研究中心;
【基金】：国家“现代农业产业技术体系建设”油菜专项(CARS-0013) 国家自然科学基金项目(71273103);国家自然科学基金项目(71473100) 国家“万人计划”青年拔尖人才支持计划华中农业大学自主科技创新基金项目(2012YQ003)
【分类号】：F326.12
【正文快照】： 2015年6月18日国家发改委等部委下发了《关于做好2015年油菜籽收购工作的通知》(国粮调[2015]99号),调整完善油菜籽收购政策,中央决定对湖北、四川、湖南、安徽、江苏、河南、贵州油菜籽主要产区的油菜籽收购适当予以补贴,其他省份则由地方政府组织进行收购。这意味着国家取消

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