为何需要产业政策:张维迎和林毅夫之争的逻辑考辩

发布时间：2018-02-09 15:30

本文关键词： 产业政策张维迎林毅夫比较优势新结构经济学奥地利学派　出处：《社会科学战线》2017年04期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：无论从理论层面还是经验层面看,是否需要产业政策都是个伪问题。在理论必要性上,信息不完全性、负外部性效应、技术进步的正外部性和规模经济的存在以及次优、第三优理论和生产力理论都为产业政策提供了基础。在现实可行性上,张维迎认定产业政策必然失败的理由也存在明显的逻辑缺陷,这包括人类认知能力的有限性、激励机制的扭曲性、政府官员比企业家更迟钝以及计划经济的前车之鉴等。此外,张维迎在批判林毅夫逻辑缺陷时所使用的论证逻辑也存在严重问题,这包括经济增长奇迹真正发生在英美而非中国、利用比较优势与产业政策之间存在矛盾、企业家精神与产业政策之间存在冲突以及发展战略与经济体制之间存在关系扭曲等。之所以如此,就在于张维迎盲从奥地利学派的思维和主张,而没有深入甄别奥地利学派思想的精髓,也没有认真审视奥地利学派思想的内在缺陷。
[Abstract]:Whether the industrial policy is needed or not is a pseudo-problem, both theoretically and empirically. In the theoretical necessity, the information is incomplete, the negative externality, the positive externality of technological progress, the existence of economies of scale and sub-optimal. The third excellent theory and productivity theory both provide the basis for industrial policy. In practical feasibility, Zhang Weiying also has obvious logic defects in the reason that industrial policy must fail, which includes the limitation of human cognitive ability. The distortion of the incentive mechanism, the dullness of government officials compared with entrepreneurs and the lessons of the planned economy, etc. In addition, the logic of argument used by Zhang Weiying in criticizing the logic defects of Lin Yifu also has serious problems. This includes the fact that the miracle of economic growth actually occurred in the United States and the United States rather than in China, and that there is a contradiction between the use of comparative advantage and industrial policy. There is a conflict between entrepreneurship and industrial policy, and a distorted relationship between development strategy and economic system. The reason for this lies in Zhang Weiying's blind adherence to the thinking and proposition of the Austrian school. Neither the essence of the Austrian school nor the inherent defects of the Austrian school of thought have been thoroughly identified.
【作者单位】：中山大学岭南学院;
【分类号】：F092.7

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