美国产业政策的政治经济学:从产业技术政策到产业组织政策

发布时间：2018-03-03 04:30

本文选题：美国　切入点：产业政策　出处：《经济社会体制比较》2017年01期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：理论和历史反复昭示,产业政策既存在于历史和当下的时间轴,也存在于发达国家和发展中国家的空间轴,任何一个经济体都未能置身产业政策之外。关于产业政策的必要性和重要性,即使盖茨这样全球最富有的私人企业家也不否认。从18世纪建国伊始的初级制造业,到20世纪的互联网、半导体、高温超导、核能、HDTV等高科技产业,美国的多种产业政策一直发挥着重要的作用。在过去六十多年里,美国联邦政府投入四万多亿美元用于研发。除了产业技术政策,美国的产业组织政策也为企业实现"规模经济"与"技术创新"创造条件,推动着美国的市场结构和产业组织变革。无论是产业技术政策还是产业组织政策或是其他形式的产业政策,都构成了美国产业政策在经济活动中的积极存在。就政府和市场关系而言,美国政府不仅充当着市场的"修理者"角色,而且充当着市场的"塑造者"角色。
[Abstract]:The theory and history has repeatedly made clear that the time axis of industrial policy exists in the history and the present, the space axis also exists in the developed countries and the developing countries, in addition to any economies can not stand on industrial policy industrial policy. The necessity and importance of, even Gates the world's wealthiest private entrepreneurs do not deny from. At the beginning of the founding of the primary manufacturing industry in eighteenth Century to twentieth Century, the Internet, semiconductor, high temperature superconductor, nuclear energy, HDTV and other high-tech industry, a variety of industrial policy in the United States has always played an important role. In the past more than 60 years, the federal government invested $about four trillion for research and development. In addition to the industrial technology policy, industrial organization policy of the United States also create the conditions for enterprises to achieve economies of scale and technological innovation, promote the market structure and industrial organization change in the United States. Both the industrial technology policy Or industrial organization policies or other forms of industrial policies constitute the positive existence of the US industrial policy in economic activities. For the relationship between government and market, the US government not only acts as a "repairman" role of the market, but also acts as the "shaper" role of the market.

【作者单位】：国务院国有资产监督管理委员会研究中心;中国人民大学经济学院;哥伦比亚大学政策对话倡议组织;
【分类号】：F171.2

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