国际产业转移新趋势对我国制造业发展影响及对策分析

发布时间：2018-03-18 04:13

本文选题：国际产业转移　切入点：再工业化　出处：《华东师范大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：中国制造业在经过近30年的产业承接,凭借劳动力资源丰富、自然资源充裕和投资环境良好的优势,初步实现了工业化,同时超过美国成为最大的制造业国家,有望成为继英美日之后的下一个"世界制造中心",制造业的成长极大地推动了我国经济实力的稳步提升和国际竞争力水平的快速提高。但是,金融危机后,国际产业转移呈现新的趋势,中高端制造业开始向发达国家回流,低端制造业寻找"成本洼地"向东南亚和南亚等地区转移,我国制造业成本优势丧失,面临大量制造业企业从国内流失、传统产业衰退但新兴产业发展没有壮大的局面,国际产业转移的新时期与我国经济发展转型时期相重叠,必然对我国经济造成较大的冲击。本文将以国际分工理论、雁行发展理论、边际产业转移理论、产品生命周期理论和全球价值链理论为基础,在总结我国制造业发展的近况及特征、优势及机遇和不足及挑战的前提下,对国际产业转移新趋势的背景进行分析。发达国家在经济危机后开始将经济重心逐渐由虚拟经济向实体经济转移,实行"再工业化"战略,推动高端制造业回流;部分发展中国家和低收入国家相比于中国更具备劳动力成本、资源和贸易环境的优势,导致发达国家逐渐加大了对这些国家和地区的投资力度,形成了对我国低端制造业的替代效应;而我国几年来制造业各项成本全面上升,综合成本竞争力水平逐渐下降,产业向外转移驱动力增强。通过对发达国家"再工业化"战略、其他发展中国家和低收入国家的成本及贸易优势和我国制造业成本全面提升的分析,认为国际产业转移的新趋势对我国制造业的发展造成了一定程度的冲击,本文将从制造业出口竞争力、外商直接投资、贸易摩擦、跨境并购和产业空心化角度论述国际产业转移新趋势对我国制造业发展的影响。本文通过以上研究,对我国制造业面临的不利局势提出了深化国际产能合作、提升技术水平、转变战略方向、推动跨境并购、优化贸易环境和培养人才等相关政策建议。
[Abstract]:After nearly 30 years of industrial development, China's manufacturing industry has initially achieved industrialization by virtue of its abundant labor resources, abundant natural resources and favorable investment environment, and overtook the United States to become the largest manufacturing country. It is expected to become the next "world manufacturing center" after Anglo-American Japan. The growth of manufacturing industry has greatly promoted the steady improvement of China's economic strength and the rapid improvement of international competitiveness. However, after the financial crisis, The international industrial transfer shows a new trend, the middle-high-end manufacturing industry begins to flow back to the developed countries, the low-end manufacturing industry seeks for "cost depression" to Southeast Asia and South Asia, and the cost advantage of China's manufacturing industry is lost. Faced with a large number of manufacturing enterprises from the loss of domestic, the decline of traditional industries but not the development of emerging industries, the new period of international industrial transfer overlaps with the transition period of China's economic development. This paper will be based on the theory of international division of labor, the theory of echelon development, the theory of marginal industrial transfer, the theory of product life cycle and the theory of global value chain. On the premise of summarizing the current situation and characteristics, advantages, opportunities, shortcomings and challenges of China's manufacturing industry, The background of the new trend of international industrial transfer is analyzed. After the economic crisis, developed countries begin to shift the economic center of gravity from virtual economy to real economy, implement the strategy of "re-industrialization", and promote the return of high-end manufacturing industry. Some developing countries and low-income countries have more advantages than China in terms of labor costs, resources and trade environment, which has led developed countries to gradually increase their investment in these countries and regions. It has formed the substitution effect to the low-end manufacturing industry of our country, but in the past few years, all kinds of costs of manufacturing industry in our country have risen completely, the level of comprehensive cost competitiveness has gradually decreased, and the driving force of industry transfer to the outside has been strengthened. Through the strategy of "reindustrialization" to developed countries, An analysis of the cost and trade advantages of other developing countries and low-income countries and the overall increase in manufacturing costs in China shows that the new trend of international industrial transfer has had a certain impact on the development of China's manufacturing industry. This paper will discuss the impact of the new trend of international industrial transfer on the development of Chinese manufacturing industry from the angles of manufacturing export competitiveness, foreign direct investment, trade friction, cross-border mergers and acquisitions and industrial hollowing. To the unfavorable situation that our manufacturing industry is facing, this paper puts forward some relevant policy suggestions, such as deepening the international cooperation of production capacity, improving the technical level, changing the strategic direction, promoting cross-border M & A, optimizing the trading environment and cultivating talents.
【学位授予单位】：华东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F424

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