低效苹果园改造技术模式、效果及区域差异分析——基于国家苹果产业技术体系24个综合试验站数据的统计分析

发布时间：2018-05-22 17:11

本文选题：苹果 + 低效果园改造　；参考：《果树学报》2017年01期

【摘要】：重果园面积扩张、轻低效园改造是中国苹果生产环节存在的重大问题。据源自国家苹果产业技术体系24个综合试验站实地调研数据的统计分析,2015年综合试验站覆盖地区低效苹果园面积为43.50万hm~2,其中由于郁闭、管理粗放导致低效的果园分别占54.42%、26.82%。截至2015年已改造低效苹果园13.41万hm~2,改造后果园栽植密度明显降低,平均每hm~2减少210株;果品质量显著提高,黄土高原优势区、环渤海湾优势区和特色产区一级果产量分别平均提高9 833.40、13 178.55、13 500.00 kg·hm~(-2);果园经济效益显著增加,纯收入分别平均增加53 175.00、80 625.00、45 840.00元·hm~(-2)。低效苹果园改造的效益与成绩总体显著,应该持续推进;果农对低效苹果园改造技术及改造效果的认可度较高,但对政府补贴、扶持依赖度高。
[Abstract]:The expansion of heavy orchard area and the improvement of low efficiency orchard are the major problems in apple production in China. According to the statistical analysis of the field investigation data from 24 comprehensive test stations of the national apple industry technology system, the area of the inefficient apple orchard covered by the comprehensive test station in 2015 was 435000 hmm2, in which the inefficient orchard accounted for 54.42% and 26.82% respectively because of the closed area and extensive management. By 2015, the low efficiency apple orchard had been transformed for 134100 hmm2, the planting density of the transformed apple orchard was obviously reduced, the average number of apple trees per hm~2 was reduced by 210 plants, the quality of fruit was improved significantly, and the dominant area of Loess Plateau was improved. The primary fruit yield in the dominant region around Bohai Bay and in the characteristic producing area increased by 9 833. 4010 ~ 13 178.555 ~ (13) kg / hm ~ (-1) 500.00 kg / hm ~ (-2), respectively, and the economic benefit of orchard increased significantly, and the net income increased by 53. 175.00 ~ 80 625.00 ~ 45 ~ 840.00 yuan / hm ~ (-2), respectively. The benefit and achievement of low efficiency apple orchard transformation are significant and should be continuously promoted. The fruit farmers have a high recognition of the transformation technology and effect of low efficiency apple orchard, but they rely heavily on the government subsidy.
【作者单位】：西北农林科技大学西部农村发展研究中心;国家苹果产业技术体系产业经济研究室;
【基金】：现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-28) 农业部重大专题调研项目(K312021504) 陕西高校人文社会科学青年英才支持计划
【分类号】：S661.1

【相似文献】