云南有色金属产业链利益协调机制研究

发布时间：2018-06-09 12:04

本文选题：利益协调 + 产业链　；参考：《云南财经大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：云南省地处我国西南,成矿条件优越,矿产资源丰富,尤以有色金属资源为主,素有“有色金属王国”的美称。从分布来看,云南有色金属资源主要分布在滇中和滇西,在众多有色金属中,锌、铅、锡、铜、锗及稀贵金属的资源优势显著,作为云南省经济发展的优势资源,其对云南省经济的发展有着重要作用,当前,我国经济发展步入“新常态”,对有色金属产业的发展提出了新的要求,在这种政策背景下,对于云南有色金属产业来说既是机遇又是挑战。近些年,受供求关系、价格波动等因素影响,包括采选、冶炼及加工三环节的云南有色金属产业链存在冶炼业产能过剩、加工业发展不足等环节内部问题,不仅如此,近年有色金属产品价格的持续走低使得相关企业出现员工被迫放假从而减少企业生产成本的现象,对社会的稳定和发展产生了一定程度的影响,而综合来看,出现这些现象的原因最终可归结为产业链发展的不协调,其具体表现为环节间投入产出的失衡,某些产品严重过剩或稀缺严重,长久下去,会对云南省经济的发展产生不利的影响,因此,正确处理产业链内各环节之间的利益分配关系,构建促使有色金属产业链发展目标实现的利益协调机制是促进云南有色金属产业由资源优势向经济优势转化的关键。鉴于此,本文以产业链为视角,将利益协调机制作为研究内容,以整体有色金属产业链的稳定和高效发展为目标,建立有色金属产业链利益协调机制,实现云南有色金属产业链及有色金属产业的健康发展。依据研究内容,首先通过相关文献和数据对云南有色金属产业及产业链内三环节(采选、冶炼、加工)的利益分配现状进行考查,在云南有色金属产业链发展现状中,重点从有色金属产业的基本发展情况、存在问题和未来发展趋势三方面进行说明;在对产业链三环节的发展现状的说明中,主要依靠主营业务成本利润率和工业增加值这两大指标从各环节基本发展情况和利益分配状态这两方面进行详细阐述。在对现状进行分析的基础上,文章通过构建云南有色金属产业链的CGE模型来模拟产业链内部三环节中的任意一环节的价格变动对其他两环节的销量和价格等方面及对国民经济的影响,并测算价格变动对产业影响力系数的变化以用于产业链稳定性的评价。在目标衡量的模型建立中,构建产业链的Logistic方程,依据耗散结构理论中的失稳判定对产业链的稳定性进行测算;在测算有色金属产业链效率方面,选择网络DEA模型分别对各环节及整条有色金属产业链进行测算,并得出云南有色金属产业链高效发展的生产前沿面。最后,将联动机制和目标机制相结合,将稳定和高效实现所需的变量具体变化值带入联动机制模型,在联动机制中以价格为载体模拟出价格变动对目标的实现的变化值。研究表明,从现状来看,云南有色金属产业链已经形成,并且存在包含三环节的大型企业,整体来看,虽然云南有色金属发展存在储量、水能等优势,但也存在着成本高,加工业技术使用滞后,整体产业链延伸不足等问题,并且从量上看,2011年至今包括三环节的云南有色金属产业链主营业务利润率处于下降状态,而工业增加值虽有上升但同2008年至2011年这4年间相比增幅较小,这对新的背景下有色金属产业在云南省经济发展中的地位提出了挑战。而从产业链内部环节方面来看,从2005年至2012年采选业的利润率严重大于冶炼大于加工,平均比约为46:12:5,在增加值构成中,三环节的增加值内部构成(劳动者报酬、生产税净额、营业盈余、固定资产折旧)比重略有不同,相对来说固定资产折旧的比重相对较高。从联动机制和目标量化的模拟方面可以发现,在价格变动对产业影响力系数的变动中,整体变动范围较小,以价格变动10%为例,影响力系数平均约变动0.009,当采选业和冶炼业的产品价格发生变化时,对采选业的销量影响最大,当加工业的产品价格发生变化时,加工业的产品销量的变化最大,约变化了原值的1.2倍;稳定性的测算结果表明,在当前情况下,如果产业链各环节价格在30%内上下浮动,有色金属产业链处于稳定状态,即可以自行恢复到初始状态;效率测算结果表明,云南有色金属产业链三环节中,冶炼及加工业的发展存在相对低效,整体产业链存在很大改进空间。将目标量化所得到的结果再次带入联动机制模型中得出以2012年数据为基础,三环节产品价格分别提高5.6%、3.5%和3.7%时整体才能实现有色金属产业链稳定和高效的目标的实现,并对此提出相关的对策和建议。
[Abstract]:Yunnan province is located in the southwest of China. The metallogenic condition is superior and the mineral resources are rich, especially the nonferrous metal resources. It is known as the "nonferrous metal kingdom". From the distribution, Yunnan nonferrous metal resources are mainly distributed in the Yunnan and Western Yunnan, and in many non-ferrous metals, the resources of zinc, lead, tin, copper, germanium and rare precious metals are prominent, as clouds. The advantageous resources of the economic development of southern province play an important role in the economic development of Yunnan province. At present, China's economic development has entered a "new normal", and has put forward new requirements for the development of non-ferrous metal industry. Under this policy background, it is both an opportunity and a challenge for the non-ferrous metal industry in Yunnan. In recent years, the supply and demand relationship, price In the Yunnan nonferrous metal industry chain, such as selection, smelting and processing, the industrial chain of non-ferrous metal industry has some internal problems, such as overcapacity in the smelting industry and the insufficient development of the processing industry. In recent years, the continuous low price of non-ferrous metal products makes the related enterprises have to be forced to leave and reduce the cost of production. It has a certain degree of influence on the stability and development of the society. In a comprehensive view, the reasons for these phenomena can be attributed to the uncoordinated development of the industrial chain, which is embodied in the unbalance between the input and output of the links, the serious surplus or scarcity of some products for a long time, which will detrimental to the economic development of Yunnan province. Therefore, the key to promote the transformation of Yunnan non-ferrous metal industry from resource advantage to economic advantage is to correctly handle the interest distribution relationship between various links in the industrial chain and to build the benefit coordination mechanism to promote the development goal of non-ferrous metal industry chain. Content, aiming at the stability and efficient development of the whole non-ferrous metal industry chain, the interest coordination mechanism of non-ferrous metal industry chain is set up to realize the healthy development of non-ferrous metal industry chain and non-ferrous metal industry in Yunnan. According to the research content, the third ring section of Yunnan non-ferrous metal industry and industry chain is selected through relevant literature and data. In the current situation of Yunnan non-ferrous metal industry chain development, the focus is on the basic development situation, the existing problems and the future development trend in the non-ferrous metal industry chain development in Yunnan. In the statement of the development status of the three link of the industrial chain, it mainly depends on the profit rate and Industry of the main business cost. The two indexes of added value are elaborated in detail from the two aspects of the basic development of each link and the state of interest distribution. On the basis of the analysis of the present situation, the article simulates the sales of the other two links through the construction of the CGE model of the Yunnan nonferrous metal industrial chain to simulate the price changes of any part of the third ring section in the internal chain of the industrial chain. The price changes and the influence on the national economy, and calculate the change of the price change to the industrial influence coefficient for the evaluation of the stability of the industrial chain. In the establishment of the model of target measurement, the Logistic equation of the industrial chain is constructed, and the stability of the industry chain is calculated on the basis of the instability judgment in the dissipative structure theory; and the nonferrous metal is measured in the calculation of the colored gold. In terms of industrial chain efficiency, the network DEA model is selected to calculate each link and the whole non-ferrous metal industry chain respectively, and the production frontiers of Yunnan non-ferrous metal industry chain are developed efficiently. Finally, the linkage mechanism and the target mechanism are combined to bring the specific variable values of the variables required to the linkage mechanism model to be stable and efficient. The study shows that, from the present situation, Yunnan non-ferrous metal industry chain has been formed, and there is a large enterprise containing three rings. In the whole, although Yunnan non-ferrous metal development has the advantages of reserves and water energy, there is also a high cost. With the lag of processing technology and the lack of the overall industrial chain extension, the main business profit margin of the Yunnan non-ferrous metal industry chain, including the three ring section, is in a decline in 2011, while the industrial added value has increased, but it has a small increase compared with the 4 years from 2008 to 2011. This is a new background of non-ferrous metals. The industry has posed a challenge in the economic development of Yunnan province. From the internal link of the industrial chain, the profit rate from 2005 to 2012 is seriously greater than that of smelting and processing. The average ratio is about 46:12:5. In the composition of the added value, the added value of the three ring sections is constructed (labor remuneration, net production tax, operating surplus, and solid). The proportion of fixed assets depreciation is slightly different, and the proportion of depreciation of fixed assets is relatively high. From the simulation of linkage mechanism and target quantification, it can be found that in the change of price change to industrial influence coefficient, the whole range of change is small, the price change 10% is taken as an example, the influence coefficient changes about 0.009, when the selection industry and When the price of the product of the smelting industry changes, it has the greatest impact on the sales of the mining industry. When the product price of the processing industry changes, the sales of the products in the processing industry change most, about 1.2 times that of the original value. The results of stability calculation show that, in the current situation, if the prices of each link in the industrial chain float up and down within 30%, nonferrous metals are in the current situation. The industrial chain is in a stable state, that is, it can be restored to its initial state by itself. The results of efficiency calculation show that the development of smelting and processing industry in the third ring section of the Yunnan non-ferrous metal industry chain has relatively low efficiency, and there is a great improvement in the overall industrial chain. The results of the target quantification are brought into the linkage mechanism model again in 2012. On the basis of the data, the product prices of the three rings are increased by 5.6%, 3.5% and 3.7% respectively to achieve the goal of the stability and efficiency of the non-ferrous metal industry chain, and the relevant countermeasures and suggestions are put forward.
【学位授予单位】：云南财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：F426.32

【参考文献】