我国茶叶产业生态效率评价研究

发布时间：2018-07-03 05:56

本文选题：茶叶产业 + 生产效率　；参考：《湖南农业大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：我国重要的农业经济作物当中茶叶占有重要地位。茶叶产业的健康发展关系到我国农业和农村的长足发展。茶叶是我国重要的出口农产品,占出口创汇比率较大。改革开放以来,我国茶叶产业得到了有效的发展,在世界茶叶产业中具有较为重要的地位与作用。随着经济全球化的不断发展,我国茶叶产业进入了一个全面的、国际化的竞争时代。我国作为茶叶生产和消费大国,随着当今经济全球化发展趋势不断加强、市场化趋势明显及WT0的政策框架约束,对我国茶叶产业产生了较大而深远的影响。我国茶叶产业现在并长期将面临着巨大的机遇和挑战。可持续发展是现在乃至将来发展的共同主题,经济效益增长的同时更应兼顾生态效益,降低经济建设发展过程中对环境的负面影响,提高资源利用效率,减少资源浪费。提高经济效益的同时,要以可持续发展为目标、指导和根本,最终提高生态效率。加大茶叶产业产值提升的同时,还应注意到茶叶产业生态效率的折损。要以提高茶叶产业生态效率为根本目的,实现我国茶叶产业高效的、健康的、可持续的增产、增值与发展。生态效率是经济与环境协调发展的有效测度,是可持续发展的重要评价指标。本文是以相关经济学效率理论、生态学理论、可持续发展理论为理论基础,基于DEA模型与SBM-undesirable模型的实证研究,以2004-2013年我国茶叶产业投入产出指标面板数据为基础,分析了我国18个产茶省份2004-2013年的生产效率,并分别运用DEA模型与SBM-undesirable模型,以茶叶重金属含量作为茶叶产业生态效率评价中的非期望产出,对比分析了我国茶叶产业2009-2013年的生态效率。研究结果表明：1.SBM-undesirable模型较DEA模型而言,考虑了生态效率评价过程中的非期望产出问题,能够较好的、真实的反映我国茶叶产业生态效率的实际状况；2.我国茶叶产业有较高的生产效率,但茶叶产业的生态效率较低；3.从SBM-undesirable模型分析结果可以看出,造成我国茶叶产业生态效率损失的主要原因是：从事茶业劳动力冗余较多,水资源和土地资源资源消耗过大,资源利用效率不高,其中一个重要的原因是茶叶重金属含量标准要求较低,茶叶重金属含量过高对茶叶产业的生态效率造成了较大的负面影响。因此强化茶业劳动人员的技术知识,减少农村剩余劳动力,提高资源能源的利用效率,合理的调整和提高茶叶重金属含量的标准要求,生产优质茶和生态有机茶,提升茶叶产业的生态效益是改善我国茶叶产业生态效率,也是我国茶叶产业健康可持续发展的重要途径。最后根据计算结果,提出了提高茶叶产业生态效率与改善茶叶产业健康发展的几点意见及建议。
[Abstract]:Tea plays an important role in the important agricultural cash crops in China. The healthy development of tea industry is related to the rapid development of agriculture and rural areas in China. Tea is an important agricultural export in China, accounting for a large proportion of export earnings. Since the reform and opening up, China's tea industry has been effectively developed, in the world tea industry has a more important position and role. With the development of economic globalization, China's tea industry has entered a comprehensive, international competition era. As a large country of tea production and consumption, China has had a great and far-reaching influence on the tea industry with the increasing trend of economic globalization, the obvious trend of marketization and the restriction of the policy framework of WT0. China's tea industry is now and will face great opportunities and challenges in the long run. Sustainable development is the common theme of present and future development. Economic benefits should be increased and ecological benefits should be taken into account. It is necessary to reduce the negative impact on the environment in the process of economic construction and development, improve the efficiency of resource utilization and reduce the waste of resources. At the same time, we should take sustainable development as the goal, guide and base, and finally improve the ecological efficiency. At the same time, we should pay attention to the loss of ecological efficiency of tea industry. In order to improve the ecological efficiency of tea industry, we should realize the efficient, healthy and sustainable increase of production, increment and development of tea industry in China. Ecological efficiency is an effective measure of coordinated development of economy and environment and an important evaluation index of sustainable development. This paper is based on the economic efficiency theory, ecological theory and sustainable development theory, based on DEA model and SBM-undesirable model, based on the input and output index panel data of China's tea industry from 2004 to 2013. The production efficiency of 18 tea producing provinces in China from 2004 to 2013 was analyzed. Using DEA model and SBM-undesirable model, the heavy metal content of tea was used as the non-expected output in the evaluation of ecological efficiency of tea industry. The ecological efficiency of tea industry in China from 2009 to 2013 was compared and analyzed. The results showed that the SBM-undesirable model considered the non-expected output in the process of ecological efficiency evaluation compared with DEA model, which could reflect the actual situation of ecological efficiency of tea industry in China. China's tea industry has higher production efficiency, but the ecological efficiency of tea industry is low. From the analysis of SBM-undesirable model, it can be seen that the main reasons for the loss of ecological efficiency of tea industry in our country are as follows: the labor force of tea industry is redundant, the consumption of water resources and land resources is too large, and the efficiency of resource utilization is not high. One of the important reasons is that the standard of heavy metal content in tea is low, and the high content of heavy metal in tea has a great negative effect on the ecological efficiency of tea industry. Therefore, strengthening the technical knowledge of the labor force in tea industry, reducing the surplus labor force in rural areas, improving the utilization efficiency of resources and energy, rationally adjusting and improving the standard requirements of tea heavy metal content, producing high quality tea and ecological organic tea, Improving the ecological efficiency of tea industry is an important way to improve the ecological efficiency of tea industry in China and to develop the tea industry healthily and sustainably. Finally, according to the results of calculation, some suggestions and suggestions on improving the ecological efficiency of tea industry and improving the healthy development of tea industry are put forward.
【学位授予单位】：湖南农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：F326.12

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