蓝莓产业生态系统的构建

发布时间：2018-10-30 18:12

【摘要】：蓝莓是近年来一种新兴果树,具有很高的经济价值和广阔的开发前景。随着人们生活水平的日益提高,蓝莓因为其具有较高的营养价值和保健作用而倍受青睐。我国果树产业发展迅速,面积、产量均稳步增长,产业发展也由原来的主要追求数量转变为数量与质量并重。无公害、绿色、有机逐渐成为我国果树产业发展主要目标。但提质之后的增效不仅源于技术,更源于对关键产业发展节点的研究和把控,蓝莓行业发展前期所积淀隐患的爆发,简单模式下的恶性竞争,以及未来发展远景的诱惑会导致行业乱局仍将维持一段时间因此应跳出传统农业,产业生态系统的构建正是解决这一问题的有效手段。本文在分析国内外蓝莓产业发展现状及存在问题的基础上,根据产业生态系统的内涵及构建原则,指出发展蓝莓产业必须全面考虑的因素、资源环境因素及技术、信息等支持系统因素,强调构建产业生态系统是获得蓝莓产业可持续发展的必然选择;结合蓝莓产业的特性,提出蓝莓产业生态系统的构建思路,包括:种植云服务、生产资料BTOB、果品现货BTOB、农业金融。1.种植云服务方面,综合实地调研、调查问卷和座谈的分析结果可以看出,当前农村基层存在三大信息化需求:涉农信息平台与资源整合的需求,个性化、本地化农业科技信息服务的需求、方便、快捷、正确、及时的农业信息服务迫切需要。目前虽网站及平台较多,但由于管理、运行机制等方面原因,信息不能及时更新,使农业信息的实时性、时效性大打折扣。为此,从三个方面进行分析:标准化种植示范基地(实),物联网数据系统,种植APP客户服务系统。2.生产资料BTOB方面,BTOB是指企业互相之间通过专用网络或Internet,进行数据信息的交换、传递,从而开展交易活动的商业模式。蓝莓产业生态系统的生产资料包括:调酸剂、秸秆发酵剂、生物炭、土壤改良剂、复合有机肥。3.果品现货BTOB方面,建立蓝莓果品现货BTOB交易平台的可行性,基于三个方面:蓝莓储运性差,区域性市场是必然;蓝莓冷冻加工,未来市场空间大;降低中间环节,产销双向共赢。蓝莓鲜果的采摘期约一个月,鲜果的及时销售或储存尤为关键。构建全国统一的鲜果和冷冻过现货交易平台将极大改善这一问题。4.农业金融方面,农业金融是指农村中以农业为主包括非农产业在内的资金融通活动,其内涵主要有两方面:一是农贷资金的筹集与运用;二是筹集、运用农贷资金的农业金融机构体系的形成与管理。在蓝莓产业方面主要依靠个人信贷支持。其中包括个人贷款、经销商贷款等。
[Abstract]:Blueberry is a new fruit tree in recent years, with high economic value and broad development prospects. With the improvement of people's living standards, blueberries are favored for their high nutritional value and health care. The fruit industry of our country develops rapidly, the area and the output increase steadily, and the industry development changes from the original main pursuit quantity to the quantity and the quality equally. Pollution-free, green, organic has gradually become the main goal of fruit industry development in China. However, the efficiency gains after upgrading are not only due to technology, but also to the research and control of key industrial development nodes, the outbreak of hidden dangers accumulated in the early stages of the development of the blueberry industry, and the vicious competition in the simple mode. And the temptation of the future development prospect will lead to industry chaos will remain for a period of time, so we should jump out of traditional agriculture, the construction of industrial ecosystem is the effective means to solve this problem. On the basis of analyzing the present situation and existing problems of blueberry industry at home and abroad, according to the connotation and construction principle of industrial ecosystem, this paper points out the factors, resources and environment factors and technology that must be considered in the development of blueberry industry. Information and other supporting factors emphasize that constructing industrial ecosystem is the inevitable choice to obtain the sustainable development of blueberry industry. According to the characteristics of blueberry industry, this paper puts forward the construction of blueberry industry ecosystem, including: planting cloud service, BTOB, fruit spot BTOB, agricultural finance. 1. In the field of planting cloud services, we can see that there are three major needs of information in rural areas: the integration of agricultural information platform and resources, the individuation of the information platform, and the analysis of questionnaire and discussion. Localization of agricultural science and technology information service demand, convenient, fast, correct, timely agricultural information services are urgently needed. At present, there are many websites and platforms, but due to the reasons of management and operation mechanism, the information can not be updated in time, so that the real-time and timeliness of agricultural information are greatly reduced. To this end, from three aspects of analysis: standardized planting demonstration base (real), Internet of things data system, planting APP customer service system. 2. In the aspect of BTOB, BTOB refers to the business model of exchanging and transferring data information between enterprises through special network or Internet, so as to carry out transaction activities. The means of production of blueberry industrial ecosystem include: acidifier, straw starter, biochar, soil improver, compound organic fertilizer. In the aspect of spot BTOB, the feasibility of setting up BTOB trading platform of blueberry spot is based on three aspects: poor storage and transportation of blueberry, regional market is inevitable, frozen processing of blueberry, large market space in the future; Reduce intermediate links, production and marketing two-way win-win. Blueberry fruits are picked for about a month, and timely sale or storage is critical. Building a nationwide unified platform for fresh fruit and frozen spot trading would greatly improve the problem. 4. 4. In the aspect of agricultural finance, agricultural finance refers to the financing activities in rural areas, including non-agricultural industries, which have two main connotations: first, the raising and application of agricultural loan funds; Second, the formation and management of the system of agricultural financial institutions that raise and use agricultural loan funds. In the blueberry industry, mainly rely on personal credit support. These include personal loans, dealer loans and so on.
【学位授予单位】：吉林农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F326.13

【参考文献】