临县枣果产业发展现状、存在问题与对策

发布时间：2018-11-12 16:20

【摘要】：山西临县是全国枣果生产大县,在全国枣果产业中具有举足轻重的地位。近年来,由于自然灾害严重、自身品种品质差、市场环境不利等诸多因素的影响,其处境不容乐观。临县的枣果产业如何才能做大做强,如何才能越走越远,已成为政府和农民亟待解决的问题。本文从国内枣果产量分布分析入手,结合当前临县枣果产业发展的现状,对临县枣果产业分布布局、品种选育与构成、有机枣果基地建设、枣果的发展规模、产量状况和枣果市场等方面进行了实地调查,结果发现临县枣果产业发展滞后除受当地自然灾害频繁发生影响外,政府、企业和枣农是导致枣果产业落后的主要原因。政府组织协调不到位、政策扶持力度不够、相关管理部门缺乏对企业和合作社的监管以及枣果品牌宣传意识薄弱；企业经营管理水平不高和产业链条短、枣果产业科技含量偏低和产品附加值低以及龙头企业影响力小；枣农科技意识薄弱、枣贱伤农导致种植枣果的积极性差、以及缺乏相关的市场经济知识。基于以上对临县枣果产业落后的成因分析,本文从政府、企业和枣农三方面对临县枣果产业的发展提出了相应的建设性对策。首先,政府要积极发挥自己应有的职能,加大对农村基础设施的投资力度,尽快建成检验中心,从源头严把枣果质量关,大力推广“鲜枣+蔬菜”贮藏保鲜技术；其次,企业需主动改变经营策略,积极利用多种渠道多方位开拓市场,建设有机红枣生产基地并有目的地培养红枣意见领袖,加大宣传品牌特色的力度,努力延伸产业链条从而实现转型发展,跨越发展和可持续发展；最后,枣农要积极提升自身综合素质,向新型专业枣农转型。总之,临县要改变枣果产业发展现状,就应走“产、学、研”相结合之路,把政府的宏观调控、市场的合理运行、枣企的科技提升和枣农的积极参与有机的结合起来。
[Abstract]:Linxian County, Shanxi Province, is a big country in jujube fruit production, which plays an important role in jujube industry. In recent years, due to the influence of many factors, such as serious natural disasters, poor quality of their own varieties and unfavorable market environment, their situation is not optimistic. How to make the jujube industry bigger and stronger and how to go further and further in Linxian has become an urgent problem to be solved by the government and farmers. Based on the analysis of domestic jujube yield distribution and the present situation of jujube industry development in Linxian, this paper analyzes the distribution of jujube industry in Linxian, the breeding and composition of varieties, the construction of organic jujube fruit base, and the development scale of jujube fruit. Field investigation on yield and jujube market was carried out. The results showed that the lag of jujube industry in Linxian County was mainly caused by the government, enterprises and jujube farmers besides the frequent natural disasters. The government organization coordination is not in place, the policy support dynamics is not enough, the related management department lacks the supervision to the enterprise and the cooperative as well as the jujube fruit brand propaganda consciousness is weak; The enterprise management level is not high and the industry chain is short, the jujube fruit industry science and technology content is on the low side and the product added value is low, and the leading enterprise influence is small; The scientific and technological consciousness of jujube farmers is weak, the poor enthusiasm of planting jujube fruits and the lack of relevant knowledge of market economy. Based on the analysis of the causes of the backwardness of the jujube industry in Linxian, this paper puts forward some constructive countermeasures for the development of the jujube industry in Linxian from the government, enterprises and jujube farmers. First of all, the government should give full play to its own function, increase the investment in rural infrastructure, establish the inspection center as soon as possible, strictly control the quality of jujube fruit from the source, and vigorously promote the "fresh jujube vegetable" storage and preservation technology. Secondly, enterprises should take the initiative to change their management strategies, actively use various channels to open up markets, build organic jujube production bases and purposefully train the opinion leaders of jujube, and increase the intensity of promoting brand characteristics. To extend the industrial chain so as to achieve transformational development, leapfrogging development and sustainable development; Finally, jujube farmers should actively improve their comprehensive quality, to a new type of professional jujube farmers transition. In a word, to change the present situation of jujube industry in Linxian County, we should combine production, study and research, combine the government's macro-control, the rational operation of the market, the scientific and technological promotion of jujube enterprises and the active participation of jujube farmers.
【学位授予单位】：山西农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：F326.13

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