买卖合同风险负担规则研究

发布时间：2018-04-03 13:42

本文选题：买卖合同　切入点：风险负担　出处：《华南理工大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：在现代社会中,商品交换,商业买卖形式越来越复杂,越来越多样化,很多的交易买卖双方义务的完成是不同步的。标的物存在的所有权转移与实际交付的不同步,让人们提高了对买卖合同标的物是存在毁损、灭失的风险的认识。买卖双方当事人之间如何分配风险与损失,涉及合同双方当事人的利益。对于新型复杂买卖的风险负担问题,我国法律仍未有较完善的立法,风险负担规则还没有完善确立,有待进一步改进。显而易见,为了紧跟着我国社会主义市场经济高速发展的步伐、提高我国已加入世界贸易组织行列的需求。为此,研究买卖合同风险负担规则,从理论到实践,都具有十分重要的意义。本文通过对买卖合同风险负担规则多方面研究,分析探究风险负担的本质和规律,结合我国现行风险负担规则,加以分析比较,提出个人若干建议。本文分为三部分:第一章是绪论。说明选题意义,阐述完善我国风险负担规则从理论到实践都有着重要意义的。对买卖合同风险负担转移规则的理论述评,阐述风险随所有权转移的物主承担风险原则,以及风险随交付转移的交付主义原则这两种立法模式。第二章是我国买卖合同风险负担规则的述评及其检讨。我国《中华人民共和国合同法》(以下简称《合同法》)中关于风险负担的规定,是选择采用了交付主义的原则。本章对《合同法》风险负担规则和风险负担规则相关司法解释进行述评。对我国买卖合同风险负担规则进行检讨:1.“交付主义”作为风险负担原则有合理性,但对不动产和需要登记才转移所有权的重要的动产不适用。2.我国《合同法》对特殊买卖合同,比如当买卖合同涉及货物运输时、路货买卖、房屋买卖、试用买卖、司法拍卖和电子商务等,并没有制定相应的法条来处理这类事项的风险负担。第三章是我国现行风险负担规则的完善。一、“交付主义”在《合同法》总则中的完善:在《合同法》总则中规定一般动产的风险负担转移适用“交付主义”。不动产和需要登记才转移所有权的重要的动产适用“所有人主义”。二、特殊买卖合同风险负担规则的完善。对买卖合同涉及货物运输时的风险负担、路货买卖中的风险负担、房屋买卖中的风险负担、试用买卖中的风险负担、司法拍卖中的风险负担、电子商务中的风险负担,结合国内外法律理论和实践,提出完善风险负担规则的一些建议。
[Abstract]:In modern society, the forms of commodity exchange and commercial trading are becoming more and more complex and diversified, and many of the obligations of both parties are not synchronized.The ownership transfer of the existence of the subject matter does not synchronize with the actual delivery, which improves people's understanding of the risk of damage and loss of the subject matter in the contract of sale and purchase.How to distribute the risk and loss between the buyer and seller involves the interests of both parties to the contract.There is still no perfect legislation on the risk burden of new complex trading in our country, and the rules of risk burden have not been established and need to be further improved.Obviously, in order to keep pace with the rapid development of China's socialist market economy, it is necessary for China to join the WTO.Therefore, it is of great significance to study the rules of risk burden of sale and purchase contract, from theory to practice.Based on the study of the rules of risk burden in the contract of sale and purchase, this paper analyzes and explores the essence and law of the burden of risk, analyzes and compares the rules of risk burden in our country, and puts forward some personal suggestions.This article is divided into three parts: the first chapter is an introduction.It is of great significance to explain the significance of choosing the topic and to perfect the rules of risk burden in China from theory to practice.This paper reviews the theory of the transfer rule of the risk burden in the contract of sale and purchase, and expounds two legislative models: the principle of the owner bearing the risk with the transfer of ownership, and the principle of the principle of delivering the risk with the transfer of the delivery.The second chapter is the review and review of the rules of the risk burden of the contract of sale and purchase in China.In the contract Law of the people's Republic of China (hereinafter referred to as contract Law), the principle of deliverance is adopted in the regulation of risk burden.This chapter reviews the relevant judicial interpretations of the risk burden rules and the risk burden rules in the contract Law.Review the rules of risk burden in China's contract of sale and purchase."delivability" is reasonable as a risk-bearing principle, but it does not apply to real estate and important movable property that requires registration in order to transfer ownership.The contract Law of our country deals with special sale contracts, such as when the contract of sale involves the transportation of goods, the sale of road goods, the sale of houses, the trial sale, the judicial auction, the electronic commerce, and so on.There is no law to deal with the risk burden of such matters.The third chapter is the perfection of the current risk burden rules in China.First, the perfection of "delivery doctrine" in the general principles of contract law: in the general principles of contract law, it is stipulated that the transfer of risk burden of ordinary movable property should be applied to "delivery doctrine".Immovable property and important movable property that requires registration in order to transfer ownership apply to "ownerism".Second, the perfection of the rules on the risk burden of the special sale contract.As to the risk burden in the contract of sale and purchase involving the transportation of goods, the risk burden in the sale of road goods, the risk burden in the house sale and purchase, the risk burden in the trial sale, the risk burden in the judicial auction, the risk burden in the electronic commerce,Combined with domestic and foreign legal theory and practice, some suggestions to perfect the rules of risk burden are put forward.
【学位授予单位】：华南理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：D923.6

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