中国与APEC成员国家和地区间国际贸易问题研究

发布时间：2018-04-15 07:04

本文选题：APEC + 国际贸易　；参考：《延边大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：从上个世纪90年代至今,世界区域经济一体化成为世界经济发展的主要趋势。中国抓住机遇,于1991年加入亚太经合组织(即APEC)。APEC是推动亚太地区经济发展最具影响力的经济合作论坛与平台,经过20多年的合作发展,在贸易投资自由化和便利化以及区域经济技术合作等领域取得了惊人的成绩,推动了亚太地区经济的不断发展。APEC组织现在拥有21个成员,包括中国、美国、加拿大、墨西哥、智利、秘鲁、俄罗斯、澳大利亚、新西兰、巴布亚新几内亚、文莱、香港、日本、韩国、新加坡、印度尼西亚、马来西亚、菲律宾、泰国、越南、台湾。其组织范围非常广阔,包括了北美、南美、大洋洲和亚洲,而且各国的经济发展水平、政治制度、风俗文化都有着很大的差异。中国作为APEC成员中最大的发展中国家,在其中扮演着非常重要的角色,自加入APEC后坚持按照"茂物目标",积极削减关税,取消非关税壁垒,同时对自身经济进行深化改革,对亚太地区经济发展做出了巨大的贡献。本文先对APEC发展的历程做了回顾,介绍了"茂物目标'"、"上海共识"等重要概念。随后利用数据与图表对1998-2015年中国与APEC成员国家和地区的进出口贸易情况分析:包括进出口贸易额的变化、进出口额增长率变化,与APEC成员的进出口额占中国进出口总额比重、中国GDP、人均GDP、人口总数、关税和非关税壁垒变化等。紧接着对APEC发展面临的困难与挑战进行了分析:包括:APEC成员多样性带来的问题、APEC运行方式与区域一体化之间的矛盾、区域内FTAs/RTAs对APEC的影响、FTAAP建设的问题等。另外,还对中国与APEC成员国家和地区间国际贸易存在的问题进行了分析:包括中国与APEC成员国家和地区有市场重叠的竞争问题、中国与APEC成员国家和地区国际贸易受到TPP的影响以及对中国国内的影响。在以上分析的基础上,本文利用贸易引力模型,结合1998-2015中国同APEC成员国家和地区的国际贸易数据对影响中国同APEC成员国家和地区的进出口影响因素进行了实证分析。结果显示,对中国的出口贸易而言,贸易双方的经济规模、目标国家官方语言、是否签署自由贸易协定或区域贸易协定等因素对中国的出口贸易有着不同程度的促进作用;而地理距离、人均国民生产总值等因素则对中国的出口贸易有着不同程度的抑制作用。从中国进口贸易角度来看,除了贸易对象国家使用的语言对中国进口贸易没有显著的影响外,其他因素均对出口贸易影响显著。但即使是有着相同方向的影响因素,在影响的程度上也并不相同。最后,根据文章的现状分析和实证分析结果,提出中国与APEC成员国家和地区间国际贸易对中国的启示:1、创造需求,开展更多合作;2、扩大APEC议题的讨论范围;3、推进APEC的改革,提升APEC影响力;4、参与TPP和FTAAP的研究;5、积极开展FTAs/RTAs网络的建设;6、继续坚持经济技术合作项目;7、重视发展电子商务,实现贸易无纸化。
[Abstract]:Since 1990's, regional economic integration has become the main trend of world economic development.China seized the opportunity to join the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC).APEC) in 1991, which is the most influential forum and platform for economic cooperation in the Asia-Pacific region. After more than 20 years of cooperative development,Remarkable achievements have been made in the areas of trade and investment liberalization and facilitation, as well as regional economic and technical cooperation. APEC now has 21 members, including China, the United States, Canada and Mexico.Chile, Peru, Russia, Australia, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Brunei, Hong Kong, Japan, Korea, Singapore, Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Thailand, Vietnam, Taiwan.Its organization is very broad, including North America, South America, Oceania and Asia, and the level of economic development, political system, customs and culture are very different.As the largest developing country among the APEC members, China has played a very important role in it. Since its entry into the APEC, it has insisted on actively reducing tariffs, removing non-tariff barriers and deepening its own economic reform in accordance with the "Bogor goals."It has made great contributions to the economic development of the Asia-Pacific region.This paper reviews the development of APEC and introduces some important concepts such as "Bogor goal" and "Shanghai consensus".Then using data and charts to analyze the import and export trade situation between China and APEC member countries and regions from 1998 to 2015: including the change of import and export trade volume, the change of import and export growth rate, and the proportion of import and export volume with APEC members to China's total import and export volume.China's GDP, per capita GDP, total population, tariff and non-tariff barriers and so on.Then, the paper analyzes the difficulties and challenges faced by the development of APEC, including the problems brought by the diversity of APEC members and the contradiction between the operation mode and regional integration, and the influence of FTAs/RTAs on the APEC construction in the region.In addition, the problems of international trade between China and APEC member countries and regions are analyzed, including the competition between China and APEC member countries and regions.China's international trade with APEC member countries and regions is influenced by TPP as well as China's domestic trade.On the basis of the above analysis, this paper uses the trade gravity model and the international trade data between China and APEC member countries and regions from 1998 to 2015 to make an empirical analysis on the influence factors of import and export between China and APEC member countries and regions.The results show that, for China's export trade, the economic scale of both sides, the official language of the target country, whether or not to sign free trade agreements or regional trade agreements, and so on, can promote China's export trade to varying degrees.Geographical distance, per capita GNP and other factors have a different degree of restraint on China's export trade.From the point of view of China's import trade, except the language used by the target countries has no significant influence on China's import trade, all other factors have a significant impact on export trade.But even if there is the same direction of influence factors, the impact is not the same.Finally, based on the analysis of the present situation and the results of the empirical analysis, the author points out that the international trade between China and the member countries and regions of APEC will inspire China to create demand, carry out more cooperation, expand the scope of discussion on APEC issues, and push forward the reform of APEC.To promote the influence of APEC, to participate in the research of TPP and FTAAP, to develop the FTAs/RTAs network actively, to continue to insist on the economic and technical cooperation project, to attach importance to the development of electronic commerce and to realize the paperless trade.
【学位授予单位】：延边大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F742

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