网络海外代购中消费者维权研究

发布时间：2018-04-21 17:48

本文选题：海外代购 + 消费者　；参考：《西南政法大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着我国互联网的普及和电商行业的迅速发展,网购越来越从新潮变得普遍。消费者进行网购的范围也不再仅仅局限于国内市场,而是瞄准了全球这个超级大市场,随之而来的是海外代购也渐渐“飞入寻常百姓家”,变得日益大众化。人们习惯了利用互联网体验购物的便捷节省,海外代购对消费者来说不再陌生。然而,与如火如荼的海外代购形成鲜明对比的是我国相关配套法律制度建设的滞后。网络海外代购虽然属于电子商务类的网购模式,但在很多方面有自身特点,这尤其体现在消费者维权方面。从近几年网络海外代购中消费者维权的情况来看,大多数维权结果是不尽如人意的。许多消费者会因包括自身、代购方、实际供货商等等方面原因,最后放弃维权或者维权失败。本文试图通过对网络海外代购中消费者维权问题的探讨,从法律机制建设的视角,为海外代购持续健康发展提出一些对策。本文由四个部分的内容构成。第一部分对网络海外代购及其法律关系进行了分析。网络海外代购的兴起得益于消费者需求升级、互联网和物流的快速发展等等诸多因素。网络海外代购从早期熟人之间的简单代购,发展到现在形式丰富的各类代购模式,其形式可以分为非现货代购和现货代购。现货代购中代购方的行为属于二次买卖行为,而非现货代购中消费者与代购方法律关系属于委托代理关系,需要对其复杂的法律关系进行分析。第二部分就网络海外代购中消费者维权困难的表现进行论述。同国内消费纠纷维权相比,本人认为在网络海外代购中,消费者维权过程中遇到的困难可以归纳为找到维权对象难、举证难、界定权利是否受侵害难、获赔难、受理难等等方面。第三部分对网络海外代购中消费者维权困难原因进行了分析。笔者认为,消费者维权难的原因可以从以下三个方面进行探析:第一,从担责主体来看,存在代购方身份信息审核不严密和在退换货时人为设置技术障碍、运输公司经营资质和水平参差不齐等因素;第二,从消费者角度来看,存在消费者维权意识和能力不强、维权动力不足的因素;第三,从制度建设层面来看,各国法律制度的差异、同域外维权组织缺乏合作等等因素。第四部分基于前文的原因分析,对网络海外代购消费者维权法律机制的完善提出了可行性的建议,这些措施包括完善代购方信息披露机制和责任分配、建立信用评价体系机制、消费者在维权对象的选择上更加多元化、完善维权服务体系、建立线下体验的实体店模式、开展同主要国家和国际消费者维权组织的合作、完善ODR纠纷解决机制等等。
[Abstract]:With the popularity of the Internet and the rapid development of e-commerce industry, online shopping is becoming more and more popular. The scope of online shopping for consumers is no longer confined to the domestic market, but is aimed at the world's largest market, followed by overseas daigou also gradually "fly into ordinary people's homes" and become increasingly popular. People are used to using the Internet to experience the convenience of shopping savings, overseas shopping is no stranger to consumers. However, the contrast with overseas daigou is the lag of related legal system construction in our country. Although the online purchasing mode belongs to the category of electronic commerce, it has its own characteristics in many aspects, which is especially reflected in consumer rights. In recent years, the online overseas purchasing of consumer rights, the majority of the results are unsatisfactory. Many consumers give up their rights or fail because of reasons such as themselves, buyers, actual suppliers and so on. This paper attempts to put forward some countermeasures for the sustained and healthy development of overseas daigou from the perspective of legal mechanism construction by discussing the issue of consumer rights protection in online overseas daigou. This paper consists of four parts. The first part analyzes the online overseas purchasing and its legal relationship. The rise of online overseas purchasing benefits from the upgrading of consumer demand, the rapid development of the Internet and logistics, and many other factors. Overseas online purchasing has developed from simple daigou among early acquaintances to various forms of daigou which can be divided into non-spot daigou and spot daigou. The behavior of the acting buyer in the spot purchase belongs to the secondary trading behavior, but the legal relationship between the consumer and the buyer belongs to the principal-agent relationship, which needs to be analyzed. The second part discusses the performance of consumer rights protection difficulties in online overseas purchasing. Compared with domestic consumption disputes, I think the difficulties encountered in the process of online overseas purchasing can be summed up as the difficulty of finding the object of safeguarding rights, the difficulty of proving evidence, the difficulty of defining whether the right is infringed, and the difficulty of getting compensation. Accepting difficulties and so on. The third part analyzes the difficult reasons of consumers' rights protection in online overseas purchasing. The author believes that the reasons for the difficulty of consumer rights protection can be analyzed from the following three aspects: first, from the point of view of the main body of responsibility, there are not strict verification of identity information of the buyer and artificial establishment of technical barriers when returning and exchanging goods. Transportation companies' operating qualifications and levels are uneven. Second, from the perspective of consumers, there are factors such as weak awareness and ability of safeguarding rights and insufficient motivation for safeguarding rights. Third, from the perspective of system construction, Differences in legal systems between countries, lack of cooperation with foreign rights organizations and other factors. The fourth part, based on the reason analysis above, puts forward some feasible suggestions on how to perfect the legal mechanism of online overseas purchasing consumers' rights protection, which includes perfecting the information disclosure mechanism and responsibility distribution, establishing the credit evaluation system mechanism. Consumers in the choice of rights protection objects more diversified, improve the rights protection service system, establish offline experience of the physical store model, carry out with the main national and international consumer rights organizations, improve the ODR dispute resolution mechanism and so on.
【学位授予单位】：西南政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：D923.8

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