产品质量异质性视角下信息技术与我国企业出口绩效关系研究

发布时间：2018-05-03 07:30

本文选题：信息技术 + 产品质量　；参考：《东北财经大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：改革开放以来,我国的经济得到了高速、稳定、持续发展,其中,作为"三驾马车"之一的对外贸易额更是保持了两位数的增长。伴随着科学技术不断进步,我国信息通信技术(以下简称信息技术,IT)的发展也取得了显著的发展,随着我国信息基础设施建设的不断完善,越来越多的出口企业开始在生产经营活动中运用信息通信技术。以电子商务、物联网、移动互联网、通信技术等为代表的信息技术在企业中的应用,不仅降低了企业获取数据的成本,还提高了数据的准确性和有效性,电子商务的发展促使传统的"纸上贸易",逐渐被"无纸贸易"取代,对外贸企业的出口产生了极为深远的影响。因此研究它们之间的关系机制,对于提高我国企业出口有深刻的现实价值。通过查阅大量相关文献发现,有关信息技术对于国际贸易影响的讨论多数还停留在国家层面,而企业才是做出出口决策的真正主体,企业生产过程中对信息技术的应用与否及应用水平的高低,都直接或间接影响着企业出口绩效。并且,以往的研究大多是关于信息技术是如何通过降低企业生产、交易成本,或者提高劳动生产率来影响其出口绩效,而已有的一些研究表明信息技术直接或者间接地影响着企业产品质量:企业做出是否出口的决策不单单取决于生产成本,更决定于出口产品质量的高低。因此,这不仅拓展了目前学术界在这方面的研究,还为企业如何通过应用信息技术提高产品质量,进而提高企业出口提供了改进方向。本文主要分为五个部分:在第一章绪论中,将系统的介绍本文的研究背景、研究理论意义及实用价值,并对国内外研究成果进行一个较为系统的回顾,较好的支撑本文的写作。在第二章中,将在Melitz模型的基础上,对本文的理论模型进行推导,并得出假定。在第三章中,将阐述我国对外贸易和信息技术的发展现状。在第四章中,将重点阐述信息技术、企业资本密集度、定制化生产和产品质量与企业出口之间的关系机制。在第五章中,将对信息技术、资本密集度和定制化生产与产品质量、我国企业出口额之间的关系进行实证分析。在第六章中,对本文的研究结论有一个总的概括,并根据研究结论分别对政府和企业提出相应的提高企业出口额的建议。本文基于微观企业层面的角度,以企业异质性贸易理论为基础,在Melitz(2003)模型的基础上创新性地加入企业信息技术水平、资本要素密集度、定制化生产以及产品质量等变量,建立新的理论模型,试图证明信息技术化加强会通过提高产品质量,进而影响企业出口绩效。运用世界银行对于中国12400家企业在2002-2004年的调查数据,在企业层面上进行了实证研究,利用Tobit模型进行基准回归,验证了理论假定,并用Heckman两步法验证了结果的稳健性。本论文主要创新之处如下:第一,丰富了理论模型。在借鉴Melitz(2003)"贸易对产业内再分配和工业生产力整合的影响"中的理论模型,不改变原模型的部分假设的基础上,加入信息技术应用水平、产品质量和资本密集度等变量,从而推导出企业出口与信息技术水平、产品质量和企业资本密集度之间的关系,给出了新的理论模型,并推导得出几个假定。第二,产品质量异质性。尽管基于企业数据对信息技术与贸易之间关系的讨论越来越多,但是他们通常基本上不包含产品信息,无论是产出品还是购买的投入品,也没有产出和投入的价格信息。而本文在Melitz(2003)的基础上加入了产品质量的差异,考察了企业信息技术应用水平对其产品质量的影响,进而影响其收入与出口状态。尽管本文在Melitz模型的基础上进行了创新改造,但仍然存在很多不足。本文只研究了信息技术如何通过提高产品质量促进企业出口贸易额的增加,但信息技术的使用是否会对企业的出口额产生负面作用,由于作者研究能力所限,本文没有涉及。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, our country's economy has been high speed, stable and continuous development. As one of the "three carriages", the foreign trade volume has maintained the growth of two figures. With the continuous progress of science and technology, the development of China's information and communication technology (hereinafter referred to as the information technology, IT) has also achieved remarkable development, with the information of our country. With the continuous improvement of infrastructure construction, more and more export enterprises have begun to use information and communication technology in the production and operation activities. The application of information technology, such as e-commerce, Internet of things, mobile Internet, communication technology and so on, not only reduces the cost of obtaining data, but also improves the accuracy and the availability of data. The development of e-commerce has prompted the traditional "paper trade" to be replaced by "paperless trade", which has a profound impact on the export of foreign trade enterprises. Therefore, it is of great practical value to study the relationship between them and to improve the export of our enterprises. Most of the discussions on the impact of international trade remain at the national level, and the enterprise is the real subject of making export decisions. Whether the application of information technology or the level of application in the process of production is directly or indirectly affects the performance of the export. And the past research is mostly about how information technology is reduced. The production, the transaction cost, or the increase of labor productivity affect the export performance, and some research has shown that the information technology directly or indirectly affects the quality of the enterprise product: the decision to make the export depends not only on the production cost, but also on the quality of the export product. Therefore, it not only expands the quality of the export product. At present, the research in this field also provides an improvement direction for enterprises how to improve the quality of products by applying information technology and thus improve the export of enterprises. This paper is divided into five parts: in the first chapter, the introduction of the first chapter introduces the research background of this paper, studies the theoretical significance and practical value, and the research results both at home and abroad. In the second chapter, we will deduce the theoretical model of this article on the basis of the Melitz model and get the hypothesis in the third chapter. In the third chapter, the development of China's foreign trade and information technology will be expounded. In the fourth chapter, it will focus on information technology and enterprise capital density. In the fifth chapter, the relationship between the information technology, the capital density and the product quality, the product quality and the export volume of our enterprises will be analyzed in the fifth chapter. In the sixth chapter, there is a general summary of the research conclusion, and the conclusions are divided according to the research conclusions. On the basis of enterprise heterogeneity trade theory, based on the theory of enterprise heterogeneity trade, based on the theory of enterprise heterogeneity trade, based on the Melitz (2003) model, based on the micro enterprise level, this paper builds a new type of enterprise information technology level, capital factor density, customized production and product quality and so on. The theoretical model tries to prove that the strengthening of information technology will improve the product quality and then affect the enterprise export performance. The world bank has conducted empirical research on the enterprise level with the survey data of 12400 Chinese enterprises in 2002-2004 years, and uses the Tobit model to carry out the benchmark regression, validates the theoretical hypothesis, and uses the Heckman two. The main innovation of this paper is as follows: first, it enriches the theoretical model. In reference to the theoretical model of Melitz (2003) "the effect of trade on intra industry redistribution and the integration of industrial productivity", the application level of information technology, product quality and capital are added to the application level of information technology without changing the partial assumptions of the original model. The relationship between enterprise export and information technology level, product quality and enterprise capital density is derived, and a new theoretical model is given, and some assumptions are derived. Second, product quality heterogeneity. Although the relationship between information technology and trade is more and more discussed based on enterprise data, but they Generally, the product information is not included, whether it is produced or purchased, and there is no price information of output and input. On the basis of Melitz (2003), the difference of product quality is added to this paper, and the influence of the application level of the enterprise information technology on the quality of its products is investigated, and the income and export status are also affected. On the basis of the Melitz model, this paper has made a new innovation, but there are still a lot of shortcomings. This paper only studies how information technology can increase the export trade volume of the enterprise by improving the quality of the product, but whether the use of information technology will produce a negative effect on the export of the enterprise. And.

【学位授予单位】：东北财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：F279.2;F752.62

【参考文献】