沼肥种植石榴技术在蒙自的推广方案研究

发布时间：2018-08-05 16:51

【摘要】：近几年来,我国果品行业发展迅猛,我国的果品种植总面积和生产总量在全球都占据绝对优势,果品的种植已然成为了促进农村经济发展、提高农民经济收入的重要产业之一。云南蒙自是我国生产石榴的主产区之一,作为蒙自的农业经济支柱产业,提升石榴产量与品质,使其获得更大的经济效益,一直是蒙自政府和农业部门重点研究的对象。为了提升蒙自石榴品质,促进当地石榴产业发展,增加农民收入,加快沼肥种植石榴技术在蒙自的推广进程,本文进行了相关研究与试验。首先,运用文献分析法对沼肥技术以及农业推广方法学的理论知识进行了研究;其次用实验法对沼肥种植石榴的肥效进行了试验,试验共设计了7组施肥方案,第1组是施用常规肥组,这组为对照组,2-4组是施用沼肥组,5-7组是施用沼肥+常规肥组,其中2-4组与5-7组分别代表了40%、70%与100%的沼肥浓度,对使用1-7组施肥方案种植的石榴进行单果质量、可食部分质量、不可食部分质量、单果粒质量、果皮厚度、维生素C、总糖以及还原糖的比较,探究沼肥种植石榴的最佳施肥方案;最后通过实际调查法,将“沼肥种植石榴技术”的推广工作分为三个阶段:一是技术传播阶段,利用报刊、杂志等平台对沼肥种植石榴的相关技术进行宣传;二是推广应用阶段,利用组建培训、实地参观、成果示范等手段让推广对象主动开始对沼肥种植技术的实践应用;三是后续服务建设阶段,建立农民委员会和电子商务模式,提升推广对象对沼肥种植石榴技术的认同感,并维持推广对象使用该技术的积极性。通过以上内容的研究,得出了以下结论:⑴施用沼肥或沼肥+常规肥的试验组与常规施肥组相比,石榴的性状和品质得到明显提升;⑵对比不同施肥方案的试验发现,在种植石榴时,施用浓度为100%的沼肥对其性状和品质的提升效果最好,并形成了“沼肥种植石榴的技术”,该技术规定了肥料类型和施肥方案,替代了种植石榴过程中化肥、农药的使用。⑶通过对蒙自石榴种植情况和推广对象的研究,制定了在蒙自应用“沼肥种植石榴技术”的推广方案。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the fruit industry of our country has developed rapidly. The total area of fruit planting and the total amount of fruit production occupy the absolute advantage in the world. Fruit planting has become one of the important industries to promote the development of rural economy and increase the farmers' economic income. Mengzi in Yunnan Province is one of the main producing areas of pomegranate production in China. As the mainstay industry of Mengzi's agricultural economy, increasing the output and quality of pomegranate and making it obtain more economic benefits has always been the important research object of Mengzi government and agricultural department. In order to improve the quality of Mengzi pomegranate, promote the development of local pomegranate industry, increase the income of farmers and accelerate the popularization process of biogas fertilizer planting pomegranate technology in Mengzi, this paper has carried on the related research and the experiment. Firstly, the theoretical knowledge of biogas fertilizer technology and agricultural extension methodology was studied by the method of literature analysis; secondly, the fertilizer efficiency of biogas fertilizer planting pomegranate was tested with experimental method, and seven groups of fertilization schemes were designed. The first group was treated with conventional fertilizer, and the control group 2-4 was treated with biogas fertilizer. Group 2-4 and group 5-7 represented 40% and 100% concentration of biogas fertilizer, respectively, of which 2-4 and 5-7 represented 40% and 100% of biogas fertilizer concentration, respectively The fruit weight, edible part mass, non-edible part mass, single fruit grain weight, pericarp thickness, vitamin C, total sugar and reducing sugar of pomegranate planted with 1-7 fertilization scheme were compared. Finally, through practical investigation, the popularization of "biogas fertilizer planting pomegranate technology" is divided into three stages: first, the stage of technology dissemination, using newspapers and periodicals, Magazines and other platforms to propagate the related technologies of biogas fertilizer planting pomegranate; second, popularize the application stage, use the means of organizing training, field visit, demonstration and so on to make the popularized object take the initiative to start the practical application of biogas fertilizer planting technology; Thirdly, in the stage of follow-up service construction, the farmers' committee and e-commerce model should be established to promote the identity of the popularized object to the biogas fertilizer planting pomegranate technology, and to maintain the enthusiasm of the popularizing object to use the technology. Based on the above research, the following conclusions are drawn: the characters and quality of pomegranate in the experiment group of applying biogas fertilizer or conventional fertilizer in comparison with the conventional fertilization group are obviously improved and compared with different fertilization schemes. When planting pomegranate, the application of 100% biogas fertilizer had the best effect on its character and quality, and formed "Biogas Fertilizer technique for Pomegranate planting", which stipulated the fertilizer type and fertilization scheme, and replaced the fertilizer in the process of growing pomegranate. Based on the study of planting situation and popularizing object of Mengzi pomegranate, the popularizing scheme of "Biogas Fertilizer planting Pomegranate Technology" in Mengzi was established.
【学位授予单位】：云南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：S665.4

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