基于轨道运输的城市配送通道选择

发布时间：2018-09-05 14:53

【摘要】：随着社会经济持续发展、城市化进程加速推进、城市规模不断扩大,城市空间的组织也逐步发生着变化。城市功能分区日益显著,生活区域与生产区域的分离导致人员与物资在不同区域之间流动;生活与生产空间不断扩大,城市内部形成组团、中心城市不断向周边辐射形成城市群,组团之间及城市群内部人员与物资流动的空间距离也在逐步加大,时间日益集中,原有以公路交通运输为主要方式完成人员和物资流动带来的道路交通拥堵的矛盾日益突出。城市轨道交通因全覆盖、高密度、大运量、全天候、高效率、低污染等特点成为解决这一矛盾的新选择,得到迅速发展。近十年来,电子商务迅猛发展,网络购物成为生活消费重要内容,由此带来人们对城市配送需求规模的不断扩大,人们对配送服务需求也日趋多样化,特别是对时效性、方便性的要求越来越高。但现有以公路运输为主要运输方式的城市配送却面临着配送过程的道路拥堵,配送延迟甚至中断,配送便利体验日益变差,企业配送成本水平一直居高不下,配送服务质量与水平不升反降等问题。城市轨道交通能够较好解决城市人员集中、快速、方便出行,能否利用城市轨道交通空闲资源开展城市配送服务,将轨道交通运输优势运用于物资的流动?本文根据城市轨道交通全覆盖、高密度、大运量、全天候、高效率、低污染等特点,结合城市轨道交通路网结构、覆盖范围、时间资源、空间资源、设施设备等条件,对将城市轨道运输纳入城市配送体系,构建城市配送服务网络进行了探索研究。主要研究内容如下:(1)由配送的定义、产生与发展,引出城市配送的范围界定由空间距离向时空距离的转变;阐述了社会经济发展,城市化进程加剧以及电子商务崛起等原因导致的城市配送需求变化,论述以公路运输为主的城市配送运输方式难以满足变化的需求,从而引入基于轨道运输的城市配送概念,并阐述其可行性。(2)描述基于轨道运输的城市配送网络的构建思路,对网络中的配送节点、通道进行定义,分析通道选择的影响因素。(3)运用邻接矩阵与关联矩阵对基于轨道运输的城市配送网络图进行描述;分析基于轨道运输的城市配送广义路径费用,定义有效路径;对深度优先路径搜索算法进行改进,通过改进的算法在简化的配送网络图中搜索有效路径的换乘路线,并还原至完整路径;通过有效路径计算关键路段,将其设置为暂存节点;以有效路径集合为备选路径集合,以费用最小为目标,首先构建无容量限制的通道选择模型,其次,在无容量限制的通道选择模型基础上,考虑路段运载能力、换乘节点换乘能力等因素,进行通道选择,构建考虑容量限制的通道选择模型。
[Abstract]:With the sustainable development of society and economy, the process of urbanization accelerates, the scale of city expands and the organization of urban space changes gradually. Urban functional zoning is becoming more and more prominent, and the separation of living areas from production areas leads to the movement of people and materials between different regions, and the expansion of living and production space, the formation of groups within cities, Central cities continue to radiate to the periphery to form urban agglomerations, and the spatial distance between groups and within urban agglomerations is gradually increasing, and time is increasingly concentrated. The contradiction of road traffic congestion caused by the completion of people and goods flow by road transportation is becoming more and more prominent. Due to the characteristics of full coverage, high density, large capacity, all-weather, high efficiency and low pollution, urban rail transit has become a new choice to solve this contradiction and has been developed rapidly. In the past ten years, with the rapid development of electronic commerce, online shopping has become an important part of life consumption. As a result, the scale of people's demand for urban distribution has been expanding, and the demand for distribution services has become increasingly diversified, especially for timeliness. The demand for convenience is getting higher and higher. However, the existing urban distribution with road transportation as the main mode of transportation is facing the road congestion of the distribution process, the delay or even interruption of distribution, the increasingly poor distribution convenience experience, and the high cost level of enterprise distribution. Distribution service quality and level of decline and other issues. Urban rail transit can better solve the urban personnel concentration, rapid, convenient travel, can use urban rail transit spare resources to carry out urban distribution services, rail transport advantages in the flow of goods? According to the characteristics of urban rail transit, such as full coverage, high density, large capacity, all-weather, high efficiency, low pollution and so on, combined with urban rail transit network structure, coverage range, time resources, space resources, facilities and equipment, etc. In this paper, the urban rail transit is brought into the urban distribution system and the urban distribution service network is constructed. The main research contents are as follows: (1) from the definition of distribution, the generation and development of urban distribution, the definition of the scope of urban distribution from the spatial distance to the space-time distance change, the social and economic development, The urban distribution demand changes caused by the intensification of urbanization process and the rise of electronic commerce. It is discussed that the urban distribution transportation mode based on road transportation is difficult to meet the changing demand, so the concept of urban distribution based on rail transportation is introduced. And expatiate its feasibility. (2) describe the train of thought of constructing the urban distribution network based on rail transportation, define the distribution node and channel in the network, The influence factors of channel selection are analyzed. (3) using adjacency matrix and correlation matrix to describe the urban distribution network chart based on rail transit, analyzing the generalized route cost of urban distribution based on rail transportation, defining the effective path; The depth first path search algorithm is improved, the transfer route of the effective path is searched in the simplified distribution network diagram, and restored to the complete path, and the key section is calculated by the effective path, which is set as the temporary node. Taking the effective path set as the alternative path set, taking the minimum cost as the goal, a channel selection model with no capacity restriction is first constructed. Secondly, based on the channel selection model without capacity restriction, the transport capacity of road section is considered. The channel selection model considering the capacity limitation is constructed by selecting the channel and other factors such as the transfer capacity of the transfer node.
【学位授予单位】：重庆工商大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：U294

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