论电子商务合同效力及其立法完善

发布时间：2018-09-07 17:00

【摘要】：近年来,中国的电子商务快速发展,交易额连创新高,2010年中国电子商务市场交易额达4.5万亿元人民币,而2011年仅上半年电子商务交易总额就已达去年70%。随着电子商务在各领域的应用不断拓展和深化,由于电子商务合同的特殊性及相关法律的缺失,新型电子商务合同在实务中问题凸显。本文主要通过对电子商务合同效力内容的分析,总结出电子商务合同在发展中存在的问题,并针对该问题提出解决方案,以其为研究者提供参考。本文以引言引出研究内容,提出研究的背景及研究中参考的主要文献等内容。除引言和结论部分外,共分为五章,主要结构如下：第一章从电子商务合同的含义入手,运用对比分析的研究方法,比较中外电子商务合同的内涵及立法例,推出本文理解的电子商务合同的含义；同时以电子商务合同主体、内容、缔约环境、传递速度、安全保障体系五方面与传统合同相比较,体现其独特之处。第二章主要分析了电子商务合同的成立。电子商务合同从本质上看仍然是合同,但其订立方式、传播手段、传播的工具等都与传统合同有着很大的差别,所以本章以合同订立的过程为主线,分析探讨电子商务合同要约、承诺及合同成立时间地点的特殊性。第三章是本文的核心章节,主要是对电子合同效力的探究。从合同效力的一般规定入手,以电子商务合同的主体资格、形式要件、电子意思表示三方面探讨电子商务合同生效的条件开始,逐一分析比对四种电子商务合同生效中的特殊情况,它们分别是：电子自动交易对电子商务合同效力的影响、电子错误对电子商务合同效力的影响、电子商务合同效力待定、无效、可撤销的情况以及电子商务格式合同(即点击合同)的效力。第四章是在前三章分析的基础上,提出电子商务在当今科技条件下发展中存在的三方面问题,分别是：合同主体订约能力问题、合同主体意思表示是否真实问题及这种特殊合同是否具备传统书面合同纸质形式法律效力问题。第五章是针对第四章问题的分析,从三个方面提出问题的解决之道。主要是通过电子签名立法、数据电文立法、电子认证立法等手段,建立并完善电子商务法律、法规。此外,对电子商务合同的当事人：运营商及消费者分别提供不同的法律保护措施。
[Abstract]:In recent years, China's e-commerce has developed rapidly, with a record volume of transactions. In 2010, the volume of e-commerce transactions in China reached 4.5 trillion yuan, while the total volume of e-commerce transactions in the first half of 2011 reached 70 yuan last year. With the continuous development and deepening of the application of electronic commerce in various fields, because of the particularity of electronic commerce contract and the lack of relevant laws, the problems of new electronic commerce contract in practice are prominent. Based on the analysis of the validity of electronic commerce contracts, this paper summarizes the problems existing in the development of electronic commerce contracts, and puts forward a solution to this problem, which can be used as a reference for researchers. In this paper, the introduction leads to the contents of the research, the background of the research and the main references in the research. In addition to the introduction and conclusion, it is divided into five chapters, the main structure is as follows: the first chapter from the meaning of e-commerce contracts, using the comparative analysis of research methods, compared the meaning of e-commerce contracts between China and foreign countries and legislative examples. The meaning of the electronic commerce contract understood in this paper is put forward, and its unique features are reflected in five aspects: the subject, the content, the contracting environment, the transmission speed and the safety guarantee system of the electronic commerce contract, which are compared with the traditional contract at the same time. The second chapter mainly analyzes the establishment of e-commerce contract. The electronic commerce contract is still a contract in essence, but the way of conclusion, the means of communication, the means of communication and so on are all very different from the traditional contract, so this chapter takes the process of contract conclusion as the main line. This paper analyzes and discusses the particularity of the offer, acceptance and the time and place of establishment of the e-commerce contract. The third chapter is the core chapter of this paper, mainly to explore the effectiveness of electronic contracts. Starting with the general provisions of the validity of the contract, starting with the qualification of the subject of the electronic commerce contract, the formal elements and the expression of electronic will, the paper discusses the conditions for the entry into force of the electronic commerce contract. This paper analyzes and compares the special cases of four kinds of electronic commerce contracts. They are: the effect of electronic automatic transaction on the validity of electronic commerce contracts, the influence of electronic errors on the effectiveness of electronic commerce contracts, and the validity of electronic commerce contracts to be determined. Invalidity, revocability and validity of e-commerce format contracts (i.e. click contracts). On the basis of the analysis of the first three chapters, the fourth chapter puts forward three problems in the development of electronic commerce under the condition of science and technology, namely, the contracting ability of the contract subject. Whether the subject of contract is true or not and whether the special contract has the legal effect of traditional written contract in paper form. The fifth chapter is the analysis of the fourth chapter, from three aspects of the solution to the problem. Mainly through electronic signature legislation, data message legislation, electronic authentication legislation and other means, the establishment and improvement of electronic commerce laws and regulations. In addition, the parties to e-commerce contracts: operators and consumers provide different legal protection measures.
【学位授予单位】：中国政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D923.6

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