面向农村电子商务的物流网点竞争合作模型

发布时间：2018-10-09 08:46

【摘要】：得益于城市物流体系日渐完善,消费品的电子商务市场越来越大,并深刻地改变了城市居民的消费习惯。自2007年起,各大电商企业、快递企业等便开始在农村布设加盟网点,把物流链延伸到了广大农村消费市场,为电子商务消费品提供流通功能支撑,试图消除农村和城市的商品流通隔阂。然而在农村布设物流网点需要解决两个关键问题。首先,商品流通行业已经低利润率的情形下,如何节约继续延伸配送范围需要承担的高昂物流成本;其次,在运输距离被大幅度延长的情况下,如何保证物流服务水平。为了探索解决方案,本文主要做了以下研究工作:(1)物流环境分析首先分析了农村电商消费市场的特征、商品流通渠道以及配送环节的运作模式,阐述了电商消费品是如何通过物流途径运送到农村市场的,进而指出配送环节存在的问题并提出解决方案,以明确市场环境和物流环境。(2)网点服务竞争分析根据网点的物流运作模式进行市场竞争分析,利用博弈论,以面向农村电子商务的物流网点为市场竞争主体、以配送服务水平为策略建立分散决策的竞争模型、集中决策的合作模型,通过最优战略对比和数值仿真分析,指出合作配送存在潜在优势。(3)竞争合作下的配送仿真与优化根据农村电商消费市场空间分布特征建立配送仿真,构建竞争合作下的配送作业量化评价,然后根据这样的空间分布特征进行市场细分,提出运用延迟策略的理念对不同的市场采取不同的配送作业组织方案,最终达到节约资源消耗、提高服务水平的效果。最后建立仿真提供决策支持,利用仿真技术评价采取常规策略下竞争合作对比、采取延迟策略下合作的配送作业优化效果。(4)实证研究通过旧县镇实例,以仿真对比了竞争与合作情形、常规策略和延迟策略下的配送效率及在途时间差异,验证了模型的可靠性和实用性。从理论上证明了,通过合作来整合市场并采取延迟策略是可以实现大幅优化的,从而为农村电商物流网点提供了科学决策的依据。在我国农村物流在发展相对落后的现实情形下,尚有许多问题亟待解决,在城乡物流一体化建设的过程中,电商产业的市场环境和物流环境都在不停发展变化,如公路网络的形态、物流设施的状况及农村居民聚居分布形态、消费习惯,未来应根据现实条件不断寻求新的改进优化方法。
[Abstract]:Thanks to the improvement of the urban logistics system, the e-commerce market of consumer goods has become larger and bigger, and has profoundly changed the consumption habits of urban residents. Since 2007, the major e-commerce enterprises, express delivery enterprises and so on began to set up in rural areas to join the network, extending the logistics chain to the vast rural consumer market, to provide functional support for the circulation of e-commerce consumer goods. Trying to bridge the gap between rural and urban commodity circulation. However, two key problems need to be solved in setting up logistics outlets in rural areas. First, the commodity circulation industry has low profit rate, how to save the high logistics cost to continue to extend the scope of distribution; secondly, how to ensure the level of logistics service when the transportation distance is greatly extended. In order to explore the solution, this paper mainly does the following research work: (1) the analysis of the logistics environment firstly analyzes the characteristics of rural e-commerce consumer market, commodity circulation channels and the operation mode of distribution links. This paper expounds how the electronic commerce consumer goods are transported to the rural market through the way of logistics, and points out the problems existing in the distribution links and puts forward the solutions. In order to clarify the market environment and logistics environment. (2) the network service competition analysis according to the network logistics operation mode to carry on the market competition analysis, uses the game theory, takes the logistics network which faces the countryside electronic commerce as the market competition main body, The competition model of decentralized decision and the cooperative model of centralized decision are established based on the strategy of distribution service level, and the optimal strategy comparison and numerical simulation analysis are carried out. The potential advantages of cooperative distribution are pointed out. (3) Distribution simulation and optimization under competition and cooperation are established according to the spatial distribution characteristics of rural e-commerce consumption market, and quantitative evaluation of distribution operations under competitive cooperation is constructed. Then according to the spatial distribution characteristics of market segmentation, the concept of delay strategy is proposed to different markets to take different distribution operation organization plan, finally achieve the effect of saving resource consumption and improving service level. Finally, the simulation is established to provide decision support, and simulation technology is used to evaluate the effect of competitive cooperation under conventional strategy and cooperation under delay strategy. (4) A case study of old county and town is carried out. The simulation results show the reliability and practicability of the model by comparing the distribution efficiency and the difference of the time on the way under the conventional strategy and the delay strategy in the case of competition and cooperation. It has been proved theoretically that it is possible to optimize the market by cooperation and adopt the delay strategy, which provides a scientific basis for the decision of the rural e-commerce logistics network. There are still many problems to be solved under the situation that the development of rural logistics in our country is relatively backward. In the process of the integration of urban and rural logistics, the market environment and logistics environment of e-commerce industry are constantly developing and changing. For example, the form of highway network, the condition of logistics facilities, the distribution pattern of rural residents and the consumption habits, we should constantly seek new methods of improvement and optimization according to the actual conditions in the future.
【学位授予单位】：西南交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F724.6;F252

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