大田节水灌溉智能控制系统研究与实现

发布时间：2018-11-13 20:52

【摘要】：随着社会的发展进步和人民生活水平不断的提高,城镇化建设发展迅速,21世纪的水资源将要变成一种稀缺资源,虽然我国的总体水量相对来说比较多,但人均占有率较少,再加上水资源严重污染、干旱缺水等问题的日益突出,这对国家的发展与国民经济的提高已经起到了严重的制约作用,传统的灌溉技术已经不再满足现代灌溉方式的需求。基于以上原因,本文在宁夏大学与西部电子商务股份有限公司合作的“宁夏旱作节水农业科技园农业信息化建设项目”为背景的基础上对大田节水灌溉智能控制系统进行了研究与设计。此灌水系统以灌溉技术为依据,采用计算机网络、变频调速、信息采集、无线通信等技术实现的大田节水灌溉智能控制系统。系统的上位机人机界面采用java编程语言设计,界面设置简单明了,操作人员可以在人机界面上实现实时远程监控、操作、查询等功能。现场硬件有变频器、TG3000恒压供水控制器、温湿度传感器、压力传感器、水泵机组、电磁阀、流量计等,上、下位机之间采用RS-485、ZigBee、以太网通信相互连接。该系统利用了变频调速恒压供水技术,来调节灌水速度,从而实现恒压灌溉的目的；又以土壤温湿度等实时墒情情况为依据进行灌水,不仅实现了适时适量的合理灌溉、提高灌溉用水利用率、降低水资源、电能浪费的目的,而且自动化程度得到了大幅度提高。是未来灌溉系统的必然趋势。
[Abstract]:With the development of society and the improvement of people's living standard and the rapid development of urbanization, the water resources in the 21st century will become a kind of scarce resources. Although the total water quantity of our country is relatively large, the per capita occupation rate is relatively small. In addition, the serious pollution of water resources, drought and water shortage are becoming increasingly prominent, which has played a serious role in restricting the development of the country and the improvement of the national economy, and the traditional irrigation technology has no longer met the demand of modern irrigation methods. For these reasons, In this paper, the intelligent control system of water-saving irrigation in the field is studied and designed on the basis of the "Agricultural Informatization Construction Project of Ningxia Dryland Water-saving Agricultural Science Park", which is a cooperative between Ningxia University and Western E-Commerce Co., Ltd. This irrigation system is based on irrigation technology. The intelligent control system of field water-saving irrigation is realized by computer network, frequency conversion speed regulation, information collection, wireless communication and so on. The man-machine interface of the system is designed with java programming language, and the interface is simple and clear. The operator can realize real-time remote monitoring, operation, query and other functions on the man-machine interface. There are inverter, TG3000 constant pressure water supply controller, temperature and humidity sensor, pressure sensor, pump unit, solenoid valve, Flowmeter and so on. The upper and lower computers are connected with each other by RS-485,ZigBee, Ethernet. This system uses frequency conversion speed regulation constant pressure water supply technology to adjust the irrigation speed and realize the purpose of constant pressure irrigation. On the basis of soil temperature and humidity and other real time soil moisture, irrigation not only realized reasonable irrigation in due time, increased the utilization ratio of irrigation water, reduced water resources and wasted electric energy, but also greatly improved the degree of automation. It is the inevitable trend of irrigation system in the future.
【学位授予单位】：宁夏大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：S274;S126

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