论社区银行作为解决中小企业融资问题的途径

发布时间：2018-07-03 00:42

本文选题：中小企业 + 融资渠道　；参考：《厦门大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着市场经济的不断发展,我国中小企业在国民经济中的发展受到了越来越多的关注。目前,我国中小企业数已占企业总数的99%,在促进经济发展、活跃市场、增加就业、科技创新等方面发挥着重要的作用。然而,中小企业的发展尤其是小微企业的发展面临着融资困难的境况。相关理论证明,中小企业融资困难的根本原因之一是信息不对称所导致的金融交易市场失效。中小企业由于银行制度的原因和自身缺乏资质良好的抵押品,往往无法获得正规银行的融资,而民间借贷的高额成本又使中小企业望而却步。因此,中小企业迫切需要一个可以解决信息不对称问题的机构为其服务,社区银行由此应运而生。对于社区银行的界定至今未有一个标准定义,但其多数认同的涵义是：社区银行一般是指建立在本社区内,资金来源与资金运用都是在本社区内完成,为中小企业和本地居民服务的小型商业银行。从这个意义上看,虽然我国市场存在着具有社区性质的银行,但至今没有一家完全真正意义上的社区银行。本文旨在提出这样一个见解：建立以服务中小企业和当地居民为宗旨的社区银行,作为解决中小企业融资问题的突破口。本文首先从社区银行的本质出发,描述和概况了社区银行相较于其他银行等金融机构的经营特点。其次,对于中小企业融资现状进行说明,并分析了中小企业在银行等金融机构、民间金融市场、股权交易市场以及债券市场上进行融资存在的问题。再次,在介绍社区银行的本质、特点以及其他融资渠道无法解决中小企业融资的基础上,从理论和实证两个方面说明社区银行在解决中小企业融资问题上具有比较优势：运用最优规模贷款模型、关系型贷款技术等为社区银行解决中小企业融资问题提供理论基础；实证分析上运用1997—2012年的数据,对社区银行贷款规模、非社区银行贷款规模以及中小企业融资情况建立ECM模型进行影响分析,证明了社区银行与中小企业融资的紧密联系。最后,提出我国社区银行的模式选择以及在我国发展社区银行的几点建议。
[Abstract]:With the continuous development of the market economy, the development of small and medium enterprises in our country has attracted more and more attention. At present, the number of small and medium-sized enterprises in our country has accounted for 99% of the total number of enterprises, which plays an important role in promoting economic development, active market, increasing employment, and scientific and technological innovation. However, the development of SMEs is especially small. The development of micro enterprises is facing the situation of financing difficulties. Related theories prove that one of the fundamental reasons for the financing difficulties of small and medium-sized enterprises is the failure of the financial transaction market caused by information asymmetry. Because of the reasons for the banking system and the lack of good quality collateral, the small and medium enterprises are unable to obtain the financing of the regular banks, and the private borrowings are not available. The high cost of the loan makes small and medium-sized enterprises prohibitive. Therefore, small and medium-sized enterprises urgently need an organization that can solve the problem of information asymmetry to serve them. Therefore, community banks have come into being. There is no standard definition for the definition of community banks, but the majority of their identity is that community banks generally refer to the establishment of this In the community, the source of funds and the use of funds are small commercial banks, which are completed in the community and serve small and medium enterprises and local residents. In this sense, although there is a community owned bank in our market, there is no real community bank in the real sense.
The purpose of this paper is to put forward the idea that the community bank, which aims at serving small and medium enterprises and local residents, is the breakthrough point to solve the financing problem of small and medium-sized enterprises. First, this paper, starting from the essence of the community bank, describes and surveys the management characteristics of the community banks compared with other banks. The present situation of enterprise financing is explained, and the problems existing in the financing of small and medium-sized enterprises, such as banking institutions, private financial markets, equity market and the bond market, are analyzed. Again, on the basis of the introduction of the nature, characteristics and other financing channels of the community banks, the financing of small and medium-sized enterprises can not be solved on the basis of theory and empirical two. It shows that the community banks have comparative advantages in solving the financing problems of small and medium-sized enterprises: using the optimal scale loan model and the relational loan technology to provide the theoretical basis for the community banks to solve the financing problems of small and medium-sized enterprises; the empirical analysis uses the data from 1997 to 2012 to the scale of the community bank loans and the non community bank loans. The impact analysis on the scale and the financing situation of small and medium enterprises to establish ECM model proves the close connection between the community bank and the financing of small and medium enterprises. Finally, the model selection of our community bank and some suggestions on the development of community bank in China are put forward.
【学位授予单位】：厦门大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F276.3;F832.4

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