农地流转背景下的我国土地银行发展模式研究

发布时间：2018-07-27 11:35

【摘要】：我国幅员辽阔，但人多地少的现状使得农地供需矛盾紧张。随着农村劳动力逐年向城市转移，农地撂荒状况比较严峻。然而我国特有的土地政策使得农村土地无法如西方国家一样自由流转，而土地流转的仅仅是土地承包经营权，做为农业大国，有超过三分之二的人口以土地为收入来源，甚至做为农村老年人口的养老保障，大部分农民不会将其土地轻易的流转出去，因此农村土地流转量十分有限。而我国正处于实现农业现代化的关键阶段，其基本要求是规模经营，现有的土地流转模式已不能满足农业生产规模化。在此情况下，土地银行在农村的兴起，不仅可以使有限的土地资源得到合理有效的配置，还可以规范现行农村混乱的土地流转行为。本文总结了国内外对土地流转背景下的土地银行运营的研究成果，在了解前人研究的基础上，进一步对我国土地银行发展模式进行了探索性的分析。用三个简单模型给出了当前土地银行业务各方的利益函数，同时探讨除了了土地银行的运营现状，并由此总结了其当前取得的成效，在一定程度上促进了农村养老体制的完善、加快了劳动力的转移、促进城市化的进程等。通过实地调查与案例分析法，分别对罗平土地信用合作社、彭州市土地银行、上海汉和土地银行等五个典型地区土地流转模式的分析，，得出结论，现有的土地银行存在一定的问题，这些问题必须从拓宽并确定业务范围，建立多形式融资渠道、提高政府扶持力度，完善政府配套措施、明确功能定位，强化风险控制能力、建立统一的管理、估价机构，完善土地银行的运营管理这五个方面来进行优化，权衡各主体的利益，把农户的弱质性作为发展前提，保障好农户的利益不受损害，同时借鉴国外银行的发展经验，结合我国的实际情况，采取土地银行依托现有的商业银行建立与发展的模式、企业参与的土地银行发展模式，对我国土地银行的发展提出新的思路，从而探索出适合我国国情的新发展模式。
[Abstract]:Our country has a vast territory, but the present situation of large population and less land makes the contradiction between supply and demand of agricultural land tense. With the rural labor force transferring to the city year by year, the abandoned farmland is more serious. However, the special land policy of our country makes the rural land unable to circulate freely as the western countries do, and the land circulation is only the land contract management right. As a big agricultural country, more than 2/3 people use land as the source of income. Even as the old-age security of the rural elderly, most farmers will not easily transfer their land out, so the rural land circulation is very limited. But our country is in the key stage of realizing agricultural modernization, its basic requirement is scale management, the existing land circulation mode can not meet the scale of agricultural production. In this case, the rise of land bank in rural areas can not only make the limited land resources reasonable and effective allocation, but also regulate the current rural chaotic land transfer behavior. This paper summarizes the research results of land bank operation under the background of land circulation at home and abroad, and further analyzes the development model of land bank in China on the basis of understanding the previous research. In this paper, three simple models are used to give the benefit functions of all parties in the land bank business. Besides the present operating situation of the land bank, the paper sums up its current achievements and promotes the improvement of the rural pension system to a certain extent. Speed up the transfer of labor force, promote the process of urbanization and so on. Through field investigation and case analysis, the paper analyzes the land transfer patterns in five typical areas, namely, Luo Ping Land Credit Cooperative, Pengzhou Land Bank, Shanghai Hanhe Land Bank, and draws a conclusion. There are some problems in the existing land bank. These problems must include broadening and determining the scope of business, establishing multi-form financing channels, improving the government support, perfecting the government supporting measures, defining the function orientation and strengthening the risk control ability. Set up unified management, evaluate the organization, perfect the operation management of the land bank to carry on the optimization, weigh the benefit of each main body, take the weak quality of the farmer household as the development premise, ensure the interests of the peasant household not to be harmed, At the same time, drawing lessons from the development experience of foreign banks, combining with the actual situation of our country, land banks rely on the existing commercial banks to establish and develop the model, enterprises participate in the land bank development model. This paper puts forward a new way of thinking about the development of land bank in China, and explores a new development mode suitable for our country's national conditions.
【学位授予单位】：河南科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F301;F832.3

【参考文献】