我国城市商业银行差异化经营研究

发布时间：2018-08-02 21:35

【摘要】：我国的改革已经进入了深水区,经济金融进行着深刻的变革。在经济发展方式转变、利率市场化、金融深化加剧和国际金融监管逐步加强的情况下,本文集中研究了城市商业银行相对于全国性商业银行差异化经营和发展问题。本文首先回顾了现有的城市商业银行差异化经营的文献,并分析了现阶段我国城市商业银行相对于全国性商业银行同质化经营的现状和问题,认为城市商业银行采用与全国性商业银行同质化经营的模式已经不能适应经济发展的新要求,需要进行差异化经营。在理论研究方面,通过构建理论模型、运用比较的方法,深入研究了城市商业银行相对于全国性商业银行同质化经营和差异化经营两种策略的经营效果。结果发现,城市商业银行因为比全国性商业银行更加了解当地经济发展状况,与当地经济发展更加紧密,在当地也更具有各种关系,所以差异化的经营策略更能发挥城市商业银行的比较优势。在实证方面,通过理论模型的研究,本文从资产和负债两个角度进一步采用中国市场的数据进行了验证.结果发现,城市商业银行在零售业信贷、中小企业信贷方面比全国性大型商业银行更加具有明显的竞争优势.因此,应当发挥这些优势,实现差异化的经营.在此基础上,本文进一步从经营区位、金融创新和公司治理三个方面来阐述城市商业银行相对于全国性商业银行的差异化经营。在经营区位方面,以经营效率为视角,分析了城市商业银行采用同质化经营的策略——跨区经营之后的效率变化。结果发现城市商业银行跨区经营并没能带来经营效率的改进,反而在差异化发展方面更具备效率的提升,进一步说明城市商业银行需要施行与全国性商业银行差异化的经营区位定位。在金融创新方面,研究了近两年来城市商业银行相对于全国性商业银行差异化的同业金融创新。由于我国对商业银行采用存贷比、贷款规模等指标进行信贷限制,导致全国性商业银行通常是资金充足而遇到监管瓶颈，，而城市商业银行存在资金应用的机会。城市商业银行和全国性商业银行之间通过同业业务进行了金融创新、规避了规模限制,有效的降低了资本的占用。同业业务创新包括同业代付、同业偿付、票据和信托收益权的返售回购等,这些创新在当前中国市场中得到广泛应用。本文的研究认为,城市商业银行的同业金融创新虽然能够提升资金效率,但是也会带来流动性风险和信用风险,会扩大货币的供给,值得城市商业银行和监管结构的注意。在公司治理方面,本文研究了境外战略投资者在城市商业银行和全国性商业银行中的不同作用。通过对比分析发现,境外战略投资者在城市商业银行中能够有效的提升经营水平、盈利能力和成本控制能力,而在大型全国性商业银行中则没能表现出相应的能力。因此城市商业银行应当做出与全国性商业银行不同的股权结构安排,以差异化的股权结构来实现更完善的公司治理。本文针对城市商业银行与全国性商业银行差异化的研究,从经营的层面上看,旨在为城市商业银行实现相对于全国性商业银行差异化的发展提供理论依据；从金融发展的层面上来看,城市商业银行差异化的发展也能够丰富我国的银行体系,提供差异化的金融产品和服务,能够一定程度上解决中小企业融资困难的问题,能够实现多层次的经营结构和经营体系,能够更好的适应国家宏观经济进一步改革和发展的需要；从学术研究的角度来看,本文旨在丰富我国城市商业银行的研究,讨论了城市商业银行相对于全国性商业银行差异化经营在理论和实证上的必要性,探讨的城市商业银行在经营区位、金融创新与公司治理等方面差异化经营的议题。
[Abstract]:The reform of our country has entered the deep water area, and the economic and financial reform has carried on profound changes. In the case of the transformation of the mode of economic development, the marketization of interest rate, the deepening of the financial deepening and the gradual strengthening of the international financial supervision, this paper focuses on the problem of the dissimilation and development of urban commercial banks relative to the national commercial banks. This paper reviews the existing documents of the existing urban commercial banks' differential operation, and analyzes the current situation and problems of the homogeneous management of urban commercial banks in China relative to the national commercial banks, and holds that the model of the homogeneity of the commercial banks with the national commercial banks has not adapted to the new requirements of the economic development. In the field of theoretical research, through the construction of theoretical model and the comparative method, the management effect of the two strategies of the homogeneity and differential operation of urban commercial banks relative to the national commercial banks is deeply studied. The results show that the urban commercial banks are more aware of the local classics than the national commercial banks. The situation of economic development is more closely related to the local economic development, and there is also a variety of relations in the local area, so the differentiated management strategy can give full play to the comparative advantage of the city commercial banks. In the empirical aspect, through the research of the theoretical model, the data of the Chinese market is verified from two aspects of assets and liabilities. It is found that the urban commercial banks have more obvious competitive advantages over the retail credit and the credit of small and medium-sized enterprises than the national large commercial banks. Therefore, they should play these advantages to realize the differential operation. On the basis of this, this paper further expounds the city commercial bank from three aspects of management location, financial innovation and corporate governance. In the perspective of operating efficiency, the strategy of the homogeneity management of urban commercial banks - the efficiency changes after the cross district operation is analyzed in the perspective of operational efficiency. It is more efficient to improve the efficiency of the city commercial banks need to implement the differential operation location positioning with the national commercial banks. In the financial innovation, in the past two years, the urban commercial banks, compared with the national commercial banks, have been developed in the same industry. Credit restrictions, such as the scale of the funds, lead to the national commercial banks usually have sufficient funds and meet the regulatory bottlenecks, and the urban commercial banks have the opportunity to use the funds. Between the commercial banks and the national commercial banks, the financial innovation is carried out between the commercial banks and the national commercial banks, which have avoided the scale limit and effectively reduced the occupation of capital. These innovations are widely used in the current Chinese market. The research in this paper holds that, although the financial innovation of the city commercial banks can improve the capital efficiency, it will also bring liquidity risk and credit risk and will expand. The supply of money is worth the attention of the urban commercial banks and the regulatory structure. In the aspect of corporate governance, this paper studies the different roles of foreign strategic investors in urban commercial banks and national commercial banks. Through comparative analysis, it is found that foreign strategic investors can effectively improve their operating level and profit in urban commercial banks. The capacity and cost control ability, but not in the large national commercial banks can not show the corresponding ability. Therefore, the city commercial bank should make the different ownership structure arrangement with the national commercial bank, with the dissimilated ownership structure to realize the more perfect corporate governance. This article aims at the city commercial bank and the National Commercial Bank On the level of management, the study of line differentiation aims at providing a theoretical basis for the development of urban commercial banks relative to the differential development of national commercial banks. From the level of financial development, the differential development of urban commercial banks can also enrich our banking system and provide differentiated financial products and services. To a certain extent, to solve the problem of financing difficulties of small and medium-sized enterprises, it can realize the multi-level management structure and management system, and can better adapt to the needs of the further reform and development of the national macro-economy. From the angle of academic research, this paper aims to enrich the research of the urban Commercial Bank of China and discuss the city commercial bank. For the necessity of the dissimilation operation of the national commercial banks in theory and demonstration, the issues of differential operation of urban commercial banks in the management location, financial innovation and corporate governance are discussed.
【学位授予单位】：天津财经大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F832.33

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