新加坡对外直接投资战略研究

发布时间：2018-11-10 19:16

【摘要】：新加坡虽然只是一个城市国家，国土面积只有716平方公里，总人口约540万，可谓“小国寡民”。但是，新加坡的整体经济发展水平很高。2012年，，新加坡的国内生产总值（GDP）约达2765亿美元，人均GDP高达50130美元，对外贸易总额10415亿美元，其中出口额为5512亿美元，进口额为4903亿美元；吸引外资总额6824亿美元，对外直接投资累积总额4014亿美元。作为一个“新兴工业化国家”，近几十年来新加坡经济的持续高速发展，不但得益于其良好的区位优势、国民的高素质和政治社会的长期稳定，而且也得益于其长期坚持符合本国国情的对外开放战略。在新加坡的对外开放战略中，对外贸易、利用外资和对外投资成为其解决资源匮乏、拓展发展腹地、获取经济利润的重要手段。如今，作为促进新加坡经济增长“这艘飞船”的三大引擎，对外贸易犹如“这艘飞船”的“发动机”，而利用外资和对外投资则分别犹如飞船的“第一翅膀”与“第二翅膀”。新加坡自独立半个世纪以来所创造的一连串经济辉煌，尤其是在对外直接投资方面所积累的经验，是值得我国学习和借鉴的。在经济全球化不断发展的趋势下，发展对外直接投资，提高对外直接投资数量的同时提高质量和效益，已成为我国积极应对国际竞争的重要举措。根据联合国贸易和发展会议《2013年世界投资报告》的统计数据，中国的对外直接投资取得了令人瞩目的成绩，2012年，中国对外直接投资总额达到840亿美元，已经成为世界第三大对外投资国，仅次于美国和日本。如何更好地进行海外投资，减少盲目投资造成的不必要损失，借鉴新加坡在对外直接投资方面的成功经验，对我国构建对外直接投资的战略体系具有极其重要的现实意义。本文首先将发展中国家对外直接投资的理论与新加坡对外直接投资的实际情况结合起来进行分析，得出了对外直接投资理论对新加坡的三点启示；然后介绍了新加坡积极地、开创性地实施对外直接投资战略的背景及指导思想，根据相关统计数据分析了新加坡对外直接投资的区域和行业分布；接着对新加坡实施对外直接投资的主要做法——建立工业园及政联企业为先锋进行实例分析，并从中新苏州工业园建设和淡马锡控股海外投资的实例中找出新加坡在对外直接投资中面临的问题及政府解决问题所采取的对策措施；紧接着通过定量与定性相结合的方法对新加坡对外直接投资的成效进行评估，全面考察了对外直接投资对新加坡的经济效应、贸易效应和就业效应。实证结果表明，与之前的理论结合实际分析相一致，新加坡经济增长促进了对外直接投资，对外直接投资与对外贸易是互补关系及对外直接投资促进了产业结构升级；最后基于以上研究结果，通过对中新两国对外直接投资相关情况的比较，总结新加坡在对外直接投资方面给予中国的启示。
[Abstract]:Although Singapore is only a city-state, with an area of only 716 square kilometers and a total population of about 5.4 million, Singapore can be described as a "small country with few citizens." However, Singapore's overall economic development level is very high. In 2012, Singapore's gross domestic product (GDP) reached about US $276.5 billion, its per capita GDP reached US $50130, and its foreign trade totalled US $1.0415 trillion, including US $551.2 billion in exports. Imports amounted to $490.3 billion; The total amount of foreign investment attracted was 682.4 billion US dollars, and the cumulative amount of foreign direct investment was 401.4 billion US dollars. As a "newly industrialized country", the sustained and rapid economic development of Singapore in recent decades has not only benefited from its favorable location advantages, but also from the high quality of its people and the long-term stability of the political society. And also thanks to its long-term adherence to the national conditions of the opening-up strategy. In Singapore's strategy of opening to the outside world, foreign trade, foreign investment and foreign investment have become an important means to solve the shortage of resources, expand the hinterland and gain economic profits. Today, as the three major engines for Singapore's economic growth, foreign trade is like the "engine" of the ship, while foreign investment and foreign investment are like the "first wing" and "second wing" of the ship, respectively. Singapore has created a series of economic resplendence since its independence half century, especially the experience accumulated in foreign direct investment, which is worthy of our country to learn and learn from. Under the trend of economic globalization, developing foreign direct investment, improving the quantity of foreign direct investment and improving the quality and benefit have become the important measures for our country to deal with the international competition actively. According to the World Investment report 2013 of the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development, China's foreign direct investment (FDI) has made remarkable achievements. In 2012, the total amount of China's outward direct investment (OFDI) reached US $84 billion. Has become the world's third largest foreign investment countries, after the United States and Japan. How to better carry on overseas investment, reduce the unnecessary loss caused by blind investment, and draw lessons from Singapore's successful experience in foreign direct investment, have extremely important practical significance for our country to construct the strategic system of foreign direct investment. In this paper, the theory of foreign direct investment of developing countries and the actual situation of Singapore's foreign direct investment are analyzed, and the three enlightenments of the theory of foreign direct investment to Singapore are obtained. Then it introduces the background and guiding ideology of Singapore's positive and pioneering implementation of FDI strategy, and analyzes the regional and industry distribution of Singapore's FDI according to relevant statistical data. Then, the paper analyzes the main practice of Singapore's foreign direct investment, that is, the establishment of industrial parks and the pioneering enterprises of the political Union. From the examples of the construction of the new Suzhou Industrial Park and Temasek Holdings's overseas investment, the paper finds out the problems that Singapore faces in foreign direct investment and the countermeasures taken by the government to solve the problems. Then the paper evaluates the effect of Singapore's foreign direct investment (FDI) through the combination of quantitative and qualitative methods, and investigates the economic effect, trade effect and employment effect of foreign direct investment (FDI) in Singapore. The empirical results show that Singapore's economic growth promotes foreign direct investment, foreign direct investment and foreign trade complement each other, and foreign direct investment promotes the upgrading of industrial structure. Finally, based on the above research results, through the comparison of the two countries' foreign direct investment (FDI), this paper summarizes the inspiration of Singapore to China in terms of foreign direct investment (OFDI).
【学位授予单位】：云南财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F833.39

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