我国商业银行金融产品创新的现状、问题及对策研究

发布时间：2018-11-18 14:14

【摘要】：上个世纪90年代，我国开始着手对商业银行进行改革，越来越重视金融产品创新，但由于金融市场受政策管制，发展速度较慢，创新也主要停留在借鉴国外商业银行的阶段。进入21世纪以后，我国借助加入WTO的契机，逐渐放开金融政策，商业银行创新理念也更加先进，金融市场上对创新产品的需求不断增加。随着互联网金融的发展和大数据时代的到来，国内的商业银行开始思考和摸索金融产品的创新模式。在发展和完善金融市场的过程中，我国商业银行金融产品的创新现状逐渐清晰。入世前我国商业银行还只是处于模仿和学习的阶段，金融产品创新的能力与西方发达国家有不小差距。随着改革开放的到来和金融制度的变革，商业银行意识到唯有不断创新，才能立足未来的银行业。于是各商行开始进行体制改革、推出有自己特色的创新产品。后来还专门成立了研发机构，专注金融产品开发和研究。入世后，外资银行纷纷进驻我国，使得我国商业银行间的竞争更加激烈，急需推出更有代表性的系列金融创新产品。近年来我国商业银行外部环境变化不断。利率市场化使得金融市场更加宽松，交易更灵活，因此也对商业银行要求更高，既要盈利也要注意风控。而互联网金融的出现，也使得电商等互联网领域的巨头成为商业银行新的强有力的竞争对手。它小、快、灵的特点，对传统商业银行是个不小的冲击，商业银行必须也开拓互联网金融相关业务，抢占市场份额。与此同时，借助物联网、大数据的帮助，以往从商业银行贷款的部分商户选择转向其他金融机构提供的低门槛的直接融资，这也是我国商业银行要注意的，可以通过整合交易双方的资金和信用信息，更加直接、完整的提供服务。我国金融市场的大环境造成了我国商业银行具有与其他行业不同的特点。信息技术的发展是创新的硬件支持，科技革新为商业银行的客户带来全新体验。随着人们对交易活动灵活性要求不断提高，周期短、打包化的系列产品逐渐增多，针对性也更强。但我国商业银行的创新产品也存在一些问题。创新层次较低，，完全自主研发的比较少，这也造成了产品结构的单一化，不能跟上客户不断变化的需求；商业银行自身的风险意识也亟待提高，创新产品的管理也需要完善。由此，本文从我国商业银行的现状入手，以期研究我国商业银行金融产品创新的发展情况。我国从2011年开始关注小微企业金融和移动银行等，希望为客户提供更广泛、多样化的服务，虽然起步较西方国家晚，但也在提速。近三年商业银行各类创新产品屡见不鲜，交行的e动交行、招行的空中银行及中信的POS商户网贷等，这些产品突破了时间和空间的限制，是未来的发展大趋势。各商业银行都想通过新产品吸引更多的客户资源，本文就从中信银行入手进行研究，通过对中信银行几款金融创新产品的分析，结合中信银行的竞争力状况，总结其成功经验和创新策略，为其他商业银行金融产品创新提供启示。金融产品创新是商业银行增强竞争力的法宝，而如何进行产品创新则需要商业银行内部及政府监管部门合力完成。合力实施的首要前提就是加强银行业自身的风险防控和创新的监管体系，在行业内制定政策、法规，敦促行业加强自身的创新意识。其次，各银行内部也要建立有效的创新机制及产品审核制度，做好客户调查，了解市场需求，从而根据自己的市场定位调整战略规划。最后，监管部门需要完善风险管理机制，根据金融市场的不同阶段适时调整法规，为商业银行提供一个自由公平的市场环境。综上，本文重点从理论角度分析了我国商业银行的创新产品现状和特点，结合实证角度综合研究了我国商业银行创新产品的策略，以期为我国商业银行创新产品的发展趋势提供一些思路和启示。
[Abstract]:In the 1990s, our country started to reform the commercial bank, and more and more attention to the innovation of the financial products, but because the financial market is subject to the policy control, the development speed is slow, and the innovation is mainly on the stage of borrowing from the foreign commercial bank. After entering the 21st century, our country gradually liberates the financial policy with the opportunity of joining the WTO, and the innovation idea of the commercial bank is more advanced, and the demand for innovative products in the financial market is increasing. With the development of internet finance and the arrival of the big data era, domestic commercial banks begin to think and explore the innovative mode of financial products. In the process of developing and perfecting the financial market, the innovation of the financial products of the commercial banks of our country gradually China's commercial banks are only in the stage of imitation and study before China's accession to the WTO, and the ability of financial product innovation is quite different from that of the western developed countries With the coming of the reform and opening-up and the change of the financial system, the commercial banks realize that only the continuous innovation can base on the future silver As a result, the firm started to carry out the system reform, and introduced the innovation with its own characteristics The product is also specifically set up to focus on the development of financial products and After China's accession to the WTO, foreign banks are entering the country, so that the competition between the commercial banks of our country is more intense, and the more representative series of financial innovation is in urgent need The external ring of commercial bank in China in recent years The change of interest rate has made the financial market more relaxed and the transaction is more flexible, so the demand for commercial banks is higher, which is both profitable and profitable Pay attention to the wind control, and the emergence of Internet finance also makes the giant of the Internet of e-commerce and so on become a new and powerful commercial bank Competitors. It is small, fast, and spirit. It is a big impact on traditional commercial banks. Commercial banks must also open up Internet finance related business and rob Market share. At the same time, with the help of Internet of Things and Big Data, some of the commercial banks in the past have chosen to turn to the low threshold of direct financing from other financial institutions, which is also to be noted by the commercial banks of our country, and the funds of both parties can be transferred through the whole transaction and credit information, more direct, complete, The large-scale environment of our country's financial market has caused the commercial bank of our country to have its own The development of information technology is an innovative hardware support, and technology innovation is a commercial bank. The customer has a brand-new experience. With the continuous improvement of the flexibility of the transaction activity, the short period and the packaged series of products gradually increase. More and more targeted, but the innovation of China's commercial banks There are also some problems in the product. The innovation level is relatively low, and the total independent R & D is less, which also leads to the simplification of the product structure and cannot keep up with the changing demand of the customer; the self-consciousness of the commercial bank needs to be improved, and the innovative products The management of commercial banks in China is also necessary to improve the management of commercial banks in our country. The development of product innovation. China began to pay close attention to the small micro-enterprise financial and mobile banking in 2011, hoping to provide the customers with more extensive and diversified services, although the start is higher Late in the western countries, but also at the speed of speed-up. In recent three years, the various innovative products of commercial banks have been in the same time, and the e-dynamic cross-line of the bank, the air bank of the bank and the POS merchant network of Citic, etc., break through the limits of time and space. The system is the future development trend. All commercial banks want to attract more customer resources through new products. This paper is to study from Citic Bank, and through the analysis of the financial innovation products of Citic Bank, and in combination with the competitive situation of China Citic Bank, the total The successful experience and innovative strategy for other commercial banks The innovation of financial products is an inspiration. The innovation of financial products is the method of enhancing the competitiveness of commercial banks, and how to carry out product innovation requires commercial silver The first prerequisite for the implementation of the resultant force is to strengthen the supervision system of the risk prevention and control and innovation of the banking industry, and formulate policies and regulations in the industry 2. To urge the industry to strengthen its own innovative consciousness. Secondly, it is necessary to set up effective innovation mechanism and product audit system within each bank, and make a good job of the customer's investigation and understand the market demand, so that the root In the end, the regulatory authorities need to improve the risk management mechanism, adjust the regulations in due time according to different stages of the financial market, and provide the business silver This paper provides a free and fair market environment. On the whole, this paper analyzes the current situation and characteristics of the innovative products of our commercial banks from the theoretical angle, and studies the strategy of the innovation products of our commercial banks in combination with the positive angle, with a view to creating a new product for the commercial banks of our country.
【学位授予单位】：河南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F832.2

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