存款准备金理论发展及货币乘数效应在我国的实证分析

发布时间：2019-01-26 18:50

【摘要】：存款准备金最原始的作用是保持银行的流动性。存款保证金现代意义上指的是金融机构在中央银行的存快,用于保证客户资金清算和提取存款的需要。央行要求的存款准备金与存款总额的占比即为存款准备金率。中央银行所要求的准备金比例就是人们所熟悉的“法定准备金率”。根据存款准备金率的定义,央行调节存款准备金率从而调节金融机构必须存入央行的存款数量,即中央银行可通过此法改变货币乘数的大小,从而实现调节信贷和货币供应的目的。近年来,一些西方发达国家开始弱化对存款准备金制度的使用,转为使用诸如利率在内的其它工具代替。存款准备金作为货币工具的角色在世界范围内日益减弱。然而在本次金融危机期间,美联储为首的西方央行采取了量化宽松的数量型货币政策,完成了货币投放到货币收回的大循环。所以法无定法,我国根据自身经济具体的发展条件,处在特殊的发展阶段制订适合自身现实状况的货币政策是无可厚非的。正因为此,更需要我们更深入的研究存款准备金制度及其政策效应,以便加深对我国货币政策调整现实问题的理解。分析体制性约束条件下的存款准备金效用,有助于深化对国内货币供给的认识,进而有的放矢的制定货币政策,确定货币政策中介目标,使货币政策机制改革朝着有效、正确的方向推进。前瞻性与预见性是央行制定货币政策时必备的素质之一。从而解答以下问题：我国存款准备金率在调整货币量方面是否有效?如何才能发挥更好的效用?
[Abstract]:The most primitive function of a deposit reserve is to keep the bank liquid. Deposit margin in modern sense refers to the fast deposit of financial institutions in the Central Bank, which is used to ensure the customer's funds clearing and the need to withdraw deposits. The ratio of reserve requirements to total deposits required by the central bank is the required reserve ratio. The reserve ratio required by the central bank is known as the statutory reserve ratio. According to the definition of RRR, the central bank adjusts the RRR so as to regulate the amount of deposits that financial institutions must deposit in the central bank, that is, the central bank can change the size of the monetary multiplier through this method. In order to achieve the purpose of regulating credit and money supply. In recent years, some western developed countries began to weaken the use of deposit reserve system, switching to other tools such as interest rates. The role of deposit reserve as a monetary instrument is weakening day by day in the world. During the financial crisis, however, Western central banks led by the Fed adopted quantitative monetary policy of quantitative easing, completing the cycle of money being put into monetary recovery. Therefore, there is no doubt that according to the specific development conditions of our own economy, our country is in a special stage of development to formulate a monetary policy suitable to its own actual situation. Because of this, we need more in-depth study of the deposit reserve system and its policy effect, in order to deepen the understanding of China's monetary policy adjustment. The analysis of the utility of deposit reserve under the condition of institutional restraint is helpful to deepen the understanding of domestic money supply, and then to formulate monetary policy, determine the intermediate target of monetary policy, and make the reform of monetary policy mechanism more effective. Push in the right direction. Foresight and foresight are one of the necessary qualities when the central bank formulates monetary policy. So as to answer the following questions: China's reserve requirements in adjusting the amount of money is effective? How to play a better role?
【学位授予单位】：西南交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F830;F820

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