美国生产性服务贸易竞争力比较分析

发布时间：2018-01-01 21:13

本文关键词：美国生产性服务贸易竞争力比较分析　出处：《吉林大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：进入21世纪,世界各个经济体之间的交流不断深化,协作越加频繁,经济全球化已经成为世界经济发展的主题。随着世界各国之间的贸易规模持续扩大,生产性服务业逐渐成为各国经济的支柱产业,成为国家核心竞争力的重要组成部分,关乎一个国家在世界经济格局中的地位与前景。当今时代,生产性服务贸易的格局千变万化,如何在激烈的国际竞争中占有一席之地,成为各国关注的焦点。与美国相比,虽然我国的生产性服务贸易在改革开放后发展非常迅猛,且国际竞争力逐渐提升,但是太过于依赖传统行业,以至于产业发展不平衡,结构不合理,尤其是知识、技术密集型行业依然缺乏一定的竞争优势。本论文从已有的研究成果出发,梳理相关理论与文献,对美国生产性服务贸易竞争力进行了详细的横向和纵向两个方面的对比分析。首先,本论文从相关数据及资料的搜集整理着手,梳理了美国生产性服务贸易的发展脉络,之后从整体规模和进出口结构两个角度剖析了美国生产性服务贸易的现状,这为下文美国生产性服务贸易竞争力的比较与探讨打下了一定的基础。在本文的核心章节,首先采用了三大贸易竞争力评估指标,分别为Michaely指数、国际市场占有率和贸易竞争优势指数,通过将理论和实证分析相结合的方式对美国生产性服务贸易竞争力进行了行业间的国内比较,并且使用相同的方式把美国与英国、日本、印度和中国的生产性服务贸易竞争力进行了同行业的国际对比。通过国内和国际对比之后发现在美国生产性服务贸易的四部门中,专利使用费和特许费服务贸易竞争力最强,且一直处在全球领先位置。金融保险行业的贸易竞争力较强,并且其竞争力呈现出逐渐增强的态势。通信、计算机与信息服务贸易竞争力较弱,作为传统行业的建筑服务贸易竞争力最弱,且该行业竞争优势逐渐减少。在下文的探究中,本篇论文以波特钻石模型为理论基础结合现阶段美国生产性服务贸易的发展现状,基于生产要素、需求条件、企业战略、结构与同业竞争、相关和支持产业、机遇与政府五个角度探讨了美国生产性服务贸易竞争力的影响因素。文章结尾探讨了我国生产性服务贸易的现状和现存的不足,并且参考美国生产性服务贸易竞争力的影响因素和它的发展经验,给出了一系列能够提高我国生产性服务贸易竞争力水平的战略性意见。
[Abstract]:In 21th century, the exchanges between the world's various economies continue to deepen, more and more frequent cooperation, economic globalization has become the theme of the world's economic development, with the continued expansion of the scale of trade between countries in the world. Producer service industry has gradually become the pillar industry of the national economy and an important part of the core competitiveness of the country. It relates to the status and prospects of a country in the world economic pattern. The pattern of productive trade in services is changing. How to occupy a place in the fierce international competition has become the focus of attention of all countries. Compared with the United States. Although China's productive services trade has developed very rapidly after the reform and opening up, and the international competitiveness has been gradually improved, it is too dependent on traditional industries, so that the industrial development is not balanced and the structure is unreasonable. In particular, knowledge, technology-intensive industries still lack a certain competitive advantage. This paper from the existing research results, combing the relevant theory and literature. This paper makes a detailed horizontal and vertical comparative analysis of the competitiveness of productive services trade in the United States. Firstly, this paper starts with the collection of relevant data and data. Combing the development of the productive services trade in the United States, then from the overall scale and import and export structure to analyze the current situation of productive services trade in the United States. This has laid a certain foundation for the comparison and discussion of the competitiveness of American productive trade in services. In the core chapter of this paper, three major trade competitiveness evaluation indicators are first adopted. They are Michaely index, international market share and trade competitive advantage index. Through the combination of theory and empirical analysis, this paper compares the competitiveness of American productive services trade in different industries, and uses the same way to compare the United States with the United Kingdom and Japan. The competitiveness of productive services trade in India and China is compared with that in the same industry. Through domestic and international comparisons, it is found that in the four sectors of productive services trade in the United States. The trade competitiveness of royalties and royalties is the strongest, and it has always been in the leading position in the world. The trade competitiveness of the financial insurance industry is stronger, and its competitiveness is gradually enhanced. Computer and information services trade competitiveness is weak, as the traditional industry of construction services trade competitiveness is the weakest, and the competitive advantage of this industry gradually reduced. Based on Porter diamond model, this paper combines the current situation of productive services trade in the United States, based on factors of production, demand conditions, enterprise strategy, structure and peer competition, related and support industries. The paper discusses the influence factors of the competitiveness of American productive services trade from the five angles of opportunity and government. At the end of the article, the author discusses the present situation and the existing deficiencies of the productive services trade in China. With reference to the factors affecting the competitiveness of the productive services trade in the United States and its development experience, a series of strategic suggestions are given to improve the competitiveness of China's productive services trade.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F746.18

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