服务贸易自由化对产业结构变动的影响研究

发布时间：2018-01-05 10:37

本文关键词：服务贸易自由化对产业结构变动的影响研究　出处：《东华大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着经济全球化的发展及全球产业结构的调整,经济发展的重心逐渐由农业、工业转向服务业,服务贸易也迅速发展,服务贸易逐渐成为推动经济增长的主要力量。而在开放经济条件下,服务贸易壁垒的大小一定会影响服务贸易的发展程度,进而影响服务业的发展,因此,进一步开放服务贸易即服务贸易自由化会对产业结构产生影响。那么,服务贸易自由化是通过怎样的机制作用于产业结构的变动?服务贸易自由化对产业结构变动的影响程度如何?对发达国家和发展中国家的影响是否相同?发达国家和发展中国家的服务贸易自由化程度有何不同?本文立足于以上问题,从理论和实证两方面分析了服务贸易自由化对产业结构变动的影响。理论方面,本文分析了服务贸易自由化及产业结构发展现状,并从服务贸易的物质资本要素积累效应、人力资本要素积累效应、技术进步效应等方面分析了服务贸易自由化对产业结构升级的作用机制,研究表明:服务贸易自由化可以通过物质资本积累、人力资本积累和技术进步等效应促进产业结构的升级。实证方面,本文选取了联合国服务贸易统计数据库中103个国家2000年—2014年共15年双边国家服务贸易数据,通过构建引力模型,求得各个国家服务贸易壁垒的关税等值,并采用基于稳健标准差的OLS回归分析了服务贸易自由化对发达国家和发展中国家产业结构变动的影响,研究表明:发展中国家比发达国家有更大的服务贸易壁垒即开放程度更低,无论是对发达国家还是对发展中国家,减小服务贸易壁垒即服务贸易自由化都有助于促进产业结构升级,但对发达国家的影响比对发展中国家的影响要大。原因可能是现有的国际贸易体制在服务贸易自由化利益分配上存在不平等和歧视,发达国家相对于发展中国家从服务贸易自由化中得到了更多的利益,而发展中国家往往处于被动地位。最后,本文基于对服务贸易自由化和产业结构变动的研究和分析,对我国服务业的发展提出了政策建议:一、我国服务贸易开放程度依然较低,我国应进一步开放服务业;二、应不断完善人才培养机制,大力培养全能型、国际性的服务人才;三、协调服务贸易与产业结构的发展;四、进一步完善国内法律体系。
[Abstract]:With the development of economic globalization and the adjustment of global industrial structure, the focus of economic development is gradually shifting from agriculture, industry to service, and trade in services is also developing rapidly. Trade in services has gradually become the main force to promote economic growth, and under the conditions of open economy, the size of barriers to trade in services will definitely affect the development of service trade, and then affect the development of services, so. Further liberalization of service trade, that is, liberalization of trade in services, will have an impact on the industrial structure. Then, what mechanism does liberalization of trade in services play on the changes of industrial structure? What is the impact of the liberalization of trade in services on the changes in industrial structure? Will the impact on developed and developing countries be the same? What is the difference in the degree of liberalization of trade in services between developed and developing countries? Based on the above problems, this paper analyzes the impact of service trade liberalization on the changes of industrial structure from both theoretical and empirical aspects. In theory, this paper analyzes the current situation of service trade liberalization and industrial structure development. The paper also analyzes the mechanism of service trade liberalization on the upgrading of industrial structure from the aspects of material capital factor accumulation effect, human capital factor accumulation effect and technology progress effect of service trade. The research shows that the liberalization of service trade can promote the upgrading of industrial structure through the effects of material capital accumulation, human capital accumulation and technological progress. This paper selects 103 countries' services trade data from 2000 to 2014 in the United Nations statistical database of trade in services, and constructs a gravity model by using the data of bilateral countries' trade in services from 2000 to 2014. The tariff equivalence of service trade barriers in each country is obtained, and the impact of service trade liberalization on industrial structure changes in developed and developing countries is analyzed by OLS regression analysis based on robust standard deviation. Research shows that developing countries have greater barriers to trade in services than developed countries, that is, lower degree of openness, both to developed countries and to developing countries. Reducing the barriers to trade in services, that is, liberalization of trade in services, will help to promote the upgrading of industrial structure. However, the impact on developed countries is greater than that on developing countries. This may be due to inequality and discrimination in the distribution of benefits from liberalization of trade in services in the existing international trading system. Developed countries have benefited more from the liberalization of trade in services than developing countries, while developing countries are often in a passive position. Finally. Based on the research and analysis of the liberalization of service trade and the change of industrial structure, this paper puts forward some policy suggestions for the development of our service industry: first, the opening degree of our service trade is still relatively low. China should further open the service industry; Second, we should constantly improve the personnel training mechanism, vigorously cultivate all-powerful, international service personnel; Third, coordinate the development of service trade and industrial structure; Fourth, further improve the domestic legal system.
【学位授予单位】：东华大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F752.68;F121.3

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