我国中小商业银行经营绩效影响因素分析

发布时间：2018-03-07 19:06

本文选题：中小商业银行　切入点：经营绩效　出处：《首都经济贸易大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：中小商业银行是银行业的重要组成部分,和大型商业银行相辅相成,共同组成完善的银行体系,是银行业持续健康发展的基础和前提。在过去的30年中,由股份制商业银行、城市商业银行、农村商业银行共同组成的中小商业银行发展迅速,资产规模、市场份额及综合竞争力持续提高。中小银行的出现和兴起,填补了我国金融服务业部分领域的空白,扩大了金融服务的领域和范畴,提升了金融机构地方性发展的服务水平,促进了我国金融服务业整体的服务能力,并且也带动了其他金融机构的发展。同时,我国中小商业银行也面临着发展过程中一些不可忽视的问题,如资产规模较小、分支机构数量较少、市场信誉较低等状况,使得其业务能力大大降低,经营绩效受到影响。因此,深入探究影响我国中小银行经营绩效的因素,对我国当前金融界研究有着重要意义。本文在确定经营绩效的评价体系的基础上,选取中小银行作为研究对象,结合该行业在我国发展的现状,运用定性与定量相结合的分析方法对我国中小商业银行经营绩效与其影响因素之间的关系进行了深入研究。以期为优化我国中小银行的经营能力提供理论借鉴,对其进行经营决策提供指导。本文主要分为以下四个部分:第一部分,理论分析。首先明确本文研究背景、目的与意义,在对相关文献进行归纳整合的基础上,结合我国中小银行现今的成长状况,分析影响我国中小银行经营绩效的因素,奠定理论基础。第二部分,一般分析。首先从四个方面分析我国中小银行的经营绩效,然后从微观和宏观两个层面上对影响因素进行了分析。采用总资产收益率(ROA)、不良贷款率(BLR)、存贷比(ODR)和总资产增长率(TAGR)作为衡量我国中小银行经营绩效的被解释变量;采用中小商业银行上市与否(IPO)、总资产(Capital)、分支机构数量(Branch)、本科及以上学历员工比例(XLabor)和在职员工数量(Labor)作为衡量微观影响因素的解释变量;并且,引入GDP指数(上一年=100)作为衡量宏观影响因素的控制变量。第三部分,实证分析。选取我国30家信息披露比较充分的股份行及城商行2010年——2014年的数据进行回归分析,构建四个面板数据模型,研究各个因素对经营绩效的影响。第四部分,研究结论与研究不足。综合前三部分的分析结果,本文的研究结论表明:中小银行是否选择IPO对其经营绩效的各个指标均无显著影响;本科及以上学历员工占比对中小商业银行的效益性和安全性有显著的正向影响;总资产对中小商业银行效益性和安全性存在显著负向影响,对成长性存在显著正向影响;分支机构数量对中小商业银行的流动性存在显著正向影响;GDP指数与中小商业银行的效益性、安全性显著负相关,与成长性显著正相关。最后,本文指出了一些研究中存在的不足之处,希望在后续的研究中能够得到改进。
[Abstract]:Small and medium-sized commercial banks are an important part of the banking industry, complement each other with large commercial banks and form a sound banking system, which is the foundation and prerequisite for the sustained and healthy development of the banking industry. In the past 30 years, the joint-stock commercial banks, The small and medium-sized commercial banks composed of city commercial banks and rural commercial banks have developed rapidly, and their assets, market share and comprehensive competitiveness have been continuously improved. It has filled the gap in some areas of financial services in China, expanded the field and scope of financial services, enhanced the service level of local development of financial institutions, and promoted the overall service capacity of financial services in China. At the same time, the small and medium-sized commercial banks in our country are also facing some problems that can not be ignored in the process of development, such as the small scale of assets, the small number of branches, the low credit standing of the market and so on. The business ability is greatly reduced and the operating performance is affected. Therefore, the factors that affect the operating performance of the small and medium-sized banks in China are deeply explored. On the basis of determining the evaluation system of business performance, this paper selects the small and medium-sized banks as the research object, combined with the current development of the industry in China. The relationship between the performance of small and medium-sized commercial banks in China and its influencing factors is deeply studied by using the qualitative and quantitative analysis method in order to provide theoretical reference for optimizing the management ability of the small and medium-sized commercial banks in China. This paper is divided into the following four parts: the first part, theoretical analysis. First, clear the research background, purpose and significance of this paper, on the basis of summarizing and integrating the relevant documents, Combined with the current growth situation of the small and medium banks in China, this paper analyzes the factors that affect the operating performance of the small and medium-sized banks in our country, and lays a theoretical foundation. The second part, the general analysis, first analyzes the operating performance of the small and medium-sized banks in our country from four aspects. Then the paper analyzes the influencing factors from the micro and macro aspects. It uses the total return rate of assets (ROA), the ratio of non-performing loans (NPL), the ratio of deposit to loan (ODR) and the total growth rate of assets (TAGR) as the explained variables to measure the performance of small and medium-sized banks in China. Using IPO, total assets, number of branches, ratio of employees with undergraduate degree and above, and number of in-service employees as explanatory variables to measure microcosmic influence factors; The GDP index (last year) is introduced as the control variable to measure the macro influence factors. The third part, empirical analysis, selects the data of 30 stock banks with full information disclosure and the city commercial bank from 2010 to 2014 to carry on the regression analysis. Build four panel data models to study the impact of each factor on business performance. 4th parts, research conclusions and research deficiencies. Synthesis of the first three parts of the analysis results, The conclusion of this paper shows that whether small and medium-sized banks choose IPO has no significant influence on each index of their operating performance, and the proportion of employees with undergraduate degree or above has a significant positive effect on the efficiency and security of small and medium-sized commercial banks. The total assets have a significant negative effect on the efficiency and security of small and medium-sized commercial banks, and a significant positive impact on the growth of small and medium-sized commercial banks. The number of branches has a significant positive effect on the liquidity of small and medium-sized commercial banks. The GDP index has a significant negative correlation with the efficiency of small and medium-sized commercial banks, and has a significant negative correlation with the security, and a significant positive correlation with the growth of small and medium-sized commercial banks. Finally, This paper points out the shortcomings of some studies and hopes to be improved in the following research.
【学位授予单位】：首都经济贸易大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F832.33

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