基于农户收入质量的信贷员授信偏好影响因素研究

发布时间：2018-04-01 07:21

本文选题：农户　切入点：收入质量　出处：《西北农林科技大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：农村经济增长新常态局势下,对农村金融改革提出了更高层次要求,仍需要不断持续深化改革。最大限度调动农村金融市场各生产要素既能推动改革,又能对农村经济繁荣发展产生深远影响,同时对农民经济收入水平增长提供重要指导作用。然而我国农村金融市场发展体制并不完善,相关金融机构惠农支农效率普遍低下,农户信贷约束问题较为严重,制约农村经济更好更快持续增长。农户收入对机构信贷员授信偏好会产生一定作用,自2004年农户收入实现明显增收以来,虽然农户收入绝对数量有所增加,但并不代表农户收入质量水平有所提高,农户收入仍存在结构形式单一、短期波动性大、获取成本高、农户收入质量水平低下等问题。农户收入存在的问题直接加剧了农户信贷约束状况,影响信贷员授信行为,阻碍农村金融机构创新金融产品及农村经济健康发展。已有研究在分析农户信贷问题时多关注农户收入绝对数量,对农户收入稳定性、结构性、成本性和知识性未能全面研究。基于此,本文站在农村金融机构信贷员角度,主要以农户收入质量为研究视角,探究信贷员授信偏好影响因素,以改进信贷员授信机制,增加农户收入。本文首先从信贷员微观主体出发,以信贷配给理论、金融排斥理论、信用理论和信息不对称理论为基础。对国内和国外有关信贷员授信的文献进行归纳,并对文献研究结果进行综述评析,提出本文主要研究创新点,方法上主要采取问卷调查法进行实地调研,运用因子分析、文献分析等方法进行分析总结,按照“提出问题—分析问题—解决问题”的研究思路展开研究。其次,利用743份“信贷员对农户收入质量关注度调查”问卷,对信贷员授信偏好特征和信贷员在授信过程中对农户收入质量关注程度进行分析,并采用因子分析法将农户收入质量五个维度以及农户特征三个指标进行降维。最后将农户收入质量作为基础,运用多元Logistic模型重点探究信贷员授信偏好受收入质量各维度及其他因素的影响作用程度,分析归纳实证结论并提出相关对策建议,提升信贷员服务质量,促进农户增收。本文主要研究结论包括:(1)农户收入充足性对信贷员授信偏好农户“发展养殖业”、“农产品加工/销售”和“从事个体经营”类贷款的影响作用逐步减弱;收入稳定性对信贷员授信偏好“从事个体经营”类贷款显著增强;(2)与普通农户比较,创业农户具有更多优势,信贷员更偏好提供贷款给这类农户,农户类型对信贷员授信影响作用显著,同时农户社会资本状况对信贷员授信偏好也具有一定影响;(3)农村金融机构信贷政策实行缺乏有效监督,实施效果有限;(4)信贷员在不同农村金融机构工作则对农户进行授信时会出现不同授信偏好特征;(5)农村金融机构面向农户贷款通常设置过多限制条件,贷款政策过严,同时缺少适应农户自身特征的金融产品和服务,对相关涉农产品存在政策宣传不到位等问题。针对研究结论,提出相关对策建议:完善信贷员授信机制;营造农村良好信用环境;创新金融机构信贷产品;加强农村金融知识普及宣传;强化政府金融监管力度。
[Abstract]:The rural economic growth in the new normal situation, put forward higher requirements on the rural financial reform, still need to continue to deepen the reform of the rural financial market. To maximize the mobilization of all production factors which can promote the reform, but also can have a profound impact on rural economic prosperity and development, at the same time the farmers income growth provides an important guiding role. However, the development of China's rural financial market system is not perfect, the relevant financial institutions on the agriculture efficiency is low, the credit constraint is more serious, restricting the rural economy better faster growth. The farmers income will have a certain effect on the mechanism of Xindaiyun credit preference, since the 2004 household income to achieve a significantly increase, although the absolute number of farmers' income has to increase farmers' income, but does not mean that the quality has increased the level of farmers' income structure still exists in single form, short-term fluctuations Get large, high cost, low income level of farmers quality. Farmers income problems directly exacerbated the farmers' credit constraint condition, influence of Xindaiyun lending behavior hinder rural financial institutions to innovative financial products and the healthy development of the rural economy. Previous studies have focused on the farmers' income in the absolute number of farmers' credit problems, structural on Farmers' income stability, cost, and knowledge to comprehensive study. Based on this, the station of credit in rural financial institutions' perspective, mainly by farmers income quality as the research perspective, research on the factors affecting the credit staff credit preference, to improve credit credit mechanism, increasing farmers' income. This paper from the main micro credit officer according to the theory of credit rationing, the financial exclusion theory, credit theory and information asymmetry theory. Based on domestic and foreign relevant literature into the credit loan officer For induction, and the research literature on the results of the assessment, put forward the main innovation points, main methods adopted questionnaire investigation, using factor analysis, literature analysis and other methods are analyzed and summarized, according to the research methods of "putting forward the problem, analysis of problem solving" problems are studied. Secondly, the use of 743 a loan officer on Farmers' income quality attention survey of loan officers, credit preference and credit in the credit process on Farmers' income quality concerns are analyzed, and by using the factor analysis method to the quality of farmers' income in five dimensions and three indicators of household characteristics for dimensionality reduction. Finally the quality of farmers' income as based on multivariate Logistic model focuses on the credit loan officer is effected by the degree of income quality dimensions and other factors, empirical analysis. The theory and puts forward countermeasures and suggestions to improve the quality of credit services, the promotion of farmers' income. The main conclusions of this paper include: (1) farmers' income adequacy of loan officers Credit Preference farmers "development of aquaculture", "agricultural products processing / sales" and "effect of self-employed" loan income stability gradually decreased; the loan officer Credit Preference "self-employed" loans increased significantly; (2) compared with that of ordinary farmers, entrepreneurial farmers have more advantages, Xindaiyun prefer to provide loans to the farmers, farmers on credit member credit significantly, while social capital status of farmers on the credit loan officer also has a certain preference effect; (3) the rural financial institutions to implement the policy lack of effective supervision, the implementation effect is limited; (4) the credit staff in different financial institutions in rural credit to farmers is occurs Different credit preference; (5) rural financial institutions for loans to farmers usually set too many restrictions, loan policy is too strict, and lack of adaptation to the farmer's own characteristics of financial products and services for agricultural products are policy advocacy is not in place. According to the research conclusion, put forward relevant countermeasures and suggestions: perfecting the credit loan officer mechanism; create a good credit environment in rural credit product innovation; financial institutions; strengthen rural financial literacy advocacy; strengthen the supervision of government finance.

【学位授予单位】：西北农林科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F832.4;F302.6

【参考文献】