俄罗斯金融监管制度的演变、改革及启示

发布时间：2018-04-01 23:00

本文选题：俄罗斯　切入点：金融监管　出处：《中国社会科学院研究生院》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：金融是市场经济条件下资源配置的有效手段,是现代经济的核心。但是金融体系本身具有极大的不稳定性,其中存在的风险具有传染性,可能蔓延至全球金融系统的各个部门,甚至波及实体经济,造成破坏力巨大的全球经济危机。有效的金融监管制度可以保持货币稳定、防范风险传播、促进实体经济稳健增长。苏联解体以后,俄罗斯的金融制度进行了根本性改革,建立了两级银行体制,发展了金融市场。2008年的全球金融危机使全世界认识到金融监管的重要性,以及对现有金融监管制度改革的必要性。危机后出台的巴塞尔协议III代表了国际金融监管改革的新趋势,包括巩固与提升资本充足率标准、增添杠杆率指标监管、加强防范流动性风险、提高宏观审慎监管的能力等等。为顺应这些趋势,提高监管效率,增强对系统性风险的防范能力,2013年7月,俄罗斯总统普京签署法案,决定组建隶属央行的统一大金融市场监管机构,终结了多头监管模式,已经建立了涵盖市场准入原则、业务运营监管、市场退出机制等内容的、比较完善的金融监管制度。改革开放以来,中国的金融制度和金融监管制度也进行了一系列根本性改革。与俄罗斯不同,中国现行的“一行三会”的金融监管机构设置模式构成了对金融业分业监管的格局,存在一定程度的职能重叠、协作失调,容易引发金融机构的监管套利等行为,越来越不适应金融业混业经营的状况与趋势。俄罗斯金融监管制度对中国金融监管改革的具有一定程度的启示意义,包括:引入功能监管的理念、加强监管机构协调合作,完善存款保险制度及金融机构市场退出机制等。
[Abstract]:Finance is the effective means of resource allocation under the market economy condition and the core of modern economy.However, the financial system itself is highly unstable, and the risks are contagious and may spread to all sectors of the global financial system, even to the real economy, causing a devastating global economic crisis.Effective financial supervision system can maintain monetary stability, prevent risk spreading and promote steady growth of real economy.After the collapse of the Soviet Union, Russia's financial system was fundamentally reformed, a two-tier banking system was established and financial markets were developed. The global financial crisis of 2008 made the world realize the importance of financial regulation,And the necessity of reforming the existing financial supervision system.The Basel III after the crisis represents the new trend of the international financial supervision reform, including consolidating and improving the capital adequacy standard, increasing the regulation of leverage ratio, strengthening the prevention of liquidity risk, improving the ability of macro-prudential supervision and so on.In order to respond to these trends, improve regulatory efficiency and enhance the ability to guard against systemic risks, in July 2013, Russian President Vladimir Putin signed a bill that decided to set up a unified large financial market regulator under the central bank, ending the long regulatory model.A more perfect financial supervision system has been established covering market access principle, business operation supervision, market exit mechanism and so on.Since the reform and opening up, China's financial system and financial supervision system has also carried out a series of fundamental reforms.Unlike Russia, China's current "one line, three sessions" model of financial regulatory institutions constitutes a pattern of separate supervision of the financial sector, with a certain degree of overlapping functions and imbalance of coordination.It is easy to cause financial institution's regulation arbitrage and so on, which is more and more unsuitable for the situation and trend of financial mixed operation.The Russian financial supervision system has some enlightenments to the reform of China's financial supervision, including introducing the concept of functional supervision, strengthening the coordination and cooperation of the regulatory bodies, perfecting the deposit insurance system and the market withdrawal mechanism of financial institutions, and so on.
【学位授予单位】：中国社会科学院研究生院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F831.1

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