第三方国家效应对中国对外直接投资区位选择的存在性检验

发布时间：2018-04-15 04:17

本文选题：中国对外直接投资 + 区位选择　；参考：《山东大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：20世界80年代以来,国际直接投资(FDI)在全世界范围内迅速增长,这一经济现象引起了学术界的广泛关注,从FDI的动机、区位选择、对母国和东道国的影响等各个方面对这一经济现象进行研究。然而,传统的对FDI的研究,主要对象是发达国家,直到一些新兴经济体从最初的FDI重要吸收国,转变为FDI的重要来源国,对于发展中国家尤其是新兴经济体FDI的研究才开始受到学术界的重视。而中国OFDI在国际投资领域地位的崛起,使得有必要研究中国OFDI,尤其是中国OFDI的区位决定因素,即中国企业倾向于选择怎样的东道国进行直接投资,从而为中国跨国企业的OFDI活动提供建议。然而,传统的对于FDI区位决定因素的研究,主要是基于两国模型,即FDI来源国和吸收国,没有考虑到第三方国家,也就是除了母国和东道国之外的国家。而将传统的FDI两国模型扩展成三国模型后,除了垂直型FDI和水平型FDI之外,出现复合型FDI和出口平台型FDI这两种新的FDI模式,从而出现FDI中的第三方国家效应。第三方国家效应指在传统的FDI理论模型中加入第三方国家,作为除了母国和东道国之外的第三个区域,并且一国OFDI的区位选择,会受到第三方国家的影响。第三方国家效应产生的根本原因在于,东道国与第三方国家存在生产上和市场上的联系,从而影响到海外分支机构的成本水平和所服务的市场规模,促使跨国公司在进行FDI区位选择时不仅考虑到东道国的因素,还要考虑到第三方国家的因素,表现为一国的OFDI区位选择影响因素中包括第三方国家因素。由于复合型FDI和出口平台型FDI是发达国家跨国公司在不断变化的经济全球化背景下,进行FDI优化配置的新选择,是当前FDI的先进模式,反映了 FDI的领先水平,而第三方国家效应能够反映一国的OFDI中是否存在这两种类型。所以,是否存在第三方国家效应,能够从FDI类型的角度反映出一国OFDI的模式和水平,从而为中国的OFDI企业和OFDI监管服务机构提出改进的建议。因此本文运用空间计量经济学的方法,使用2006-2014年中国OFDI数据,检验其区位选择中是否存在第三方国家效应,从而判断中国OFDI的模式和水平,为中国企业OFDI活动提供建议。实证结果表明,中国OFDI区位选择中不存在第三方国家效应,且检验结果符合水平型FDI模式的参数预期,即中国OFDI主要表现为水平型FDI模式。因此,中国跨国企业进行OFDI时,应该完善区位决策模式、提高利用全球资源和市场的能力以及更好地利用贸易自由化政策。
[Abstract]:Since the 1980s, the international direct investment (FDI) has grown rapidly in the world. This economic phenomenon has aroused widespread concern in academic circles, from the motive of FDI, location choice,To the home country and host country influence and so on each aspect carries on the research to this economic phenomenon.However, the traditional study of FDI mainly focused on developed countries, until some emerging economies changed from the first important absorber of FDI to the important source country of FDI.The research on FDI in developing countries, especially in emerging economies, has only begun to receive academic attention.However, the rise of China's OFDI in the field of international investment makes it necessary to study the location determinants of China's OFDI, that is, what kind of host country Chinese enterprises tend to choose for direct investment.In order to provide advice for the OFDI activities of Chinese multinational enterprises.However, the traditional research on the determinants of FDI location is mainly based on the two-country model, that is, the source country and the absorbing country of FDI, without considering the third country, that is, the country other than the home country and the host country.After the traditional FDI model is extended to three countries model, besides vertical FDI and horizontal FDI, two new FDI models, compound FDI and export platform FDI, appear, thus the third party state effect in FDI appears.Third-party state effect refers to the addition of third country to the traditional FDI theory model, as the third region besides home country and host country, and the location choice of a country's OFDI will be influenced by third party country.The root cause of the third-party country effect lies in the existence of productive and market linkages between the host country and the third country, thereby affecting the level of costs and the size of the market served by overseas branches,It urges multinational corporations to consider not only the factors of host country, but also the factors of third country when making FDI location choice, which is shown by the fact that the influencing factors of OFDI location choice of a country include the factor of third party country.Because compound FDI and export platform FDI are the new choice for multinational corporations in developed countries to optimize the allocation of FDI under the background of constantly changing economic globalization, it is the advanced mode of FDI at present, which reflects the leading level of FDI.The third-party state effect can reflect the existence of these two types in a country's OFDI.Therefore, whether there is a third party country effect can reflect the mode and level of a country's OFDI from the angle of FDI type, and then put forward some suggestions for the improvement of Chinese OFDI enterprises and OFDI regulatory services.Therefore, this paper uses the spatial econometrics method, using the Chinese OFDI data from 2006 to 2014, to test whether there is a third party national effect in the location selection of China, so as to judge the mode and level of China's OFDI, and to provide suggestions for the OFDI activities of Chinese enterprises.The empirical results show that there is no third party national effect in China's OFDI location selection, and the test results are in line with the parameter expectation of horizontal FDI model, that is, China's OFDI is mainly manifested as horizontal FDI model.Therefore, in carrying out OFDI, China's multinational enterprises should perfect the location decision-making model, improve their ability to utilize global resources and markets, and make better use of trade liberalization policies.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F832.6

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