黑龙江省种粮大户融资渠道选择及其影响因素研究

发布时间：2018-04-21 18:44

  本文选题：种粮大户 + 融资渠道选择　； 参考：《哈尔滨商业大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着城镇化进程的逐步推进,我国农业现代化快速发展。当前传统农业生产方式正面临着"谁来种地"与"怎样种地"的困境。为适应现代农业的发展,改变传统农业生产方式,近年来中央的"一号文件"连续14年聚焦三农,积极出台相关扶持政策,加快培育新型的农业经营主体,为农业的健康发展保驾护航。黑龙江省作为我国粮食商品率最高的农业大省,紧跟国家政策,在"三江平原"和"嫩江平原"的现代农业综合配套改革试验区推动下,农村中涌现出了一大批种粮大户这样的新型农业经营主体。据陈洁等统计,全国6.67公顷以上的种粮大户至少有47.84万户,其中黑龙江省超过30万户。当前阶段,我国农业经营主体正在发生新的变化,种粮大户已经成为建设现代农业的骨干力量。但是,在规模和数量扩张的同时,种粮大户在农业生产中的资金需求也呈现出了新的特征,其对融资渠道的选择及影响因素也有别于传统农户,这对于进一步理解新型农业经营主体的融资需求,进而改善其融资渠道是不利的。因而,针对种粮大户展开研究具有—定的实践意义。本文通过对农户融资渠道变迁的历程描述,理论分析影响其选择行为的因素,并以此为依据,采用粮食主产区——黑龙江省种粮大户的调研数据,使用Probit二值选择模型进行计量分析,探讨传统农业向新型农业过渡的过程中,各影响因素的作用方向和作用力度。以期帮助政府和农村金融机构根据种粮大户的渠道选择影响因素及融资约束条件有的放矢地制定农村金融政策,为推进农业现代化建设创造有利的条件。经过研究,得到如下结论:第一,正规金融机构是种粮大户实际融资渠道的首选,种粮大户普遍存在融资行为,但其融资需求不能得到很好的满足。第二,家庭年收入、种植面积、成为大户年数、银行关系、正规金融机构融资规模、信用评级、小额信贷认知度均对种粮从正规渠道获得贷款具有显著地正向影响;贷款用途、融资时是否需要抵押担保、贷款审批复杂度对种粮大户从正规渠道获得贷款具有显著地负向影响。为此,我国应在现代化农业改革中不断完善农村金融体系,创新种粮大户融资渠道,推动农村经济健康发展。
[Abstract]:With the gradual advancement of urbanization, China's agricultural modernization is developing rapidly. At present, the traditional agricultural production mode is facing the dilemma of "who cultivates land" and "how to farm land". In order to adapt to the development of modern agriculture and to change the traditional agricultural production mode, in recent years, the "No. 1 document" of the central government has focused on agriculture, rural areas and farmers for 14 consecutive years, and actively introduced relevant supporting policies to speed up the cultivation of new agricultural management subjects. To protect the healthy development of agriculture. Heilongjiang Province, as the largest agricultural province with the highest grain commodity rate in China, closely follows the national policy and is promoted by the modern agricultural comprehensive reform pilot area of "Sanjiang Plain" and "Nenjiang Plain". A large number of large grain farmers have emerged in the countryside. According to Chen Jie and other statistics, more than 6.67 hectares of grain at least 478400 households, including more than 300000 in Heilongjiang Province. At present, new changes are taking place in the main body of agricultural management in China, and grain farmers have become the backbone of the construction of modern agriculture. However, with the expansion of scale and quantity, the financial needs of large grain farmers in agricultural production also show new characteristics, and the choice of financing channels and their influencing factors are different from those of traditional farmers. This is unfavorable for further understanding the financing needs of new agricultural operators and improving their financing channels. Therefore, it is of practical significance to carry out research on large grain producers. Based on the description of the course of the change of farmers' financing channels and the theoretical analysis of the factors affecting their choice behavior, this paper adopts the survey data of the grain producers in Heilongjiang Province, the main grain producing region. Based on the Probit binary selection model, this paper discusses the direction and intensity of the influence factors in the process of transition from traditional agriculture to new type agriculture. In order to help the government and rural financial institutions to select the influencing factors and financing constraints according to the channel of large grain growers, the government and rural financial institutions can formulate rural financial policies in a targeted way, and create favorable conditions for promoting the modernization of agriculture. The main conclusions are as follows: first, formal financial institutions are the first choice of actual financing channels for large grain growers, but their financing needs can not be well met. Second, annual household income, planting area, number of years of large households, bank relations, financing scale of formal financial institutions, credit rating, microcredit recognition all have a significant positive impact on obtaining loans from formal channels. Whether mortgage guarantee is needed in financing, the complexity of loan approval has a significant negative impact on the large grain growers obtaining loans from formal channels. In order to promote the healthy development of rural economy, China should continuously perfect the rural financial system in the course of modern agricultural reform, innovate the financing channels of large grain growers and promote the healthy development of rural economy.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨商业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F323.6;F832.43

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